واکنش تابعی زنبور Anisopteromalus calandrae، پارازیتوئید سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus: تاثیر گیاه میزبان و پیچیدگی لکه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
واکنش تابعی زنبور پارازیتوئیدAnisopteromalus calandrae  که لاروهای سن چهارم سوسک چهارنقطه ­ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus  را پارازیته می­ کند، روی میزبان­ های گیاهی مختلف و لکه ­های با پیچیدگی متفاوت در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش اول، اثر دو میزبان گیاهی مختلف شامل لوبیا چشم بلبلی Vigna unguiculata  و نخود  Cicer arietinum روی واکنش تابعی زنبور پارازیتوئید بررسی شد. در آزمایش دوم، تاثیر پیچیدگی لکه بر واکنش تابعی زنبور با استفاده از لوبیا چشم بلبلی به عنوان میزبان گیاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. براساس نتایج رگرسیون لجستیک، واکنش تابعی زنبور پارازیتوئید  A. calandrae روی لارو سن چهارم سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات، در آزمایش های انجام شده روی هر دو میزبان لوبیا چشم بلبلی و نخود و همچنین در لکه­ ای پیچیده میزبان از نوع دوم بود. نرخ جستجوگری پارازیتوئید در تیمار لوبیا چشم بلبلی و نخود به ترتیب 0488/0 و 0378/0 بر ساعت و زمان دستیابی در این تیمارها به ترتیب 0962/2 و 1804/2 ساعت محاسبه شد. نرخ جستجوگری زنبور پارازیتوئید A. calandrae در لکه پیچیده با استفاده از دانه لوبیا چشم­ بلبلی به عنوان میزبان گیاهی، (0269/0 برساعت) در مقایسه با لکه ساده (0488/0 برساعت) کاهش یافت، هرچند این اختلاف معنی دار نبود. این نتایج می­ تواند اطلاعات مفیدی جهت کنترل بیولوژیکی سوسک چهارنقطه ­ای حبوبات در سیلوها و مکان­های بسته در اختیار محققین قرار دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Functional response of Anisopteromalus calandrae, a parasitoid of cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus: effects of the host plant and patch complexity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoomeh Moosavi
  • Nooshin Zandi-Sohani
  • Ali Rajab Pour
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The functional response of ectoparsitoid wasp Anisopteromalus calandrae parasitizing the 4th instar larvae of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus was investigated over host plant and complex patch treatments in the laboratory. In the first group of experiments, the effect of two different host plants including cowpea Vigna unguiculata L. and chickpea Cicer arietinum was studied on the functional response of the parasitoid wasp. In the second series of tests, the influence of patch complexity was investigated using chickpea as the host plant.  According to the results of the logistic regression, the functional response for A. calandrae when attacking 4th instar larvae of C. maculatus on both chickpea and cowpea, and also in the complex patches of the host was type II. The search rates of the parasitoid were estimated 0.0488 and 0.0378 h-1, and the handling times were calculated to be 2.0962 and 2.1804 h in chickpea and cowpea treatments, respectively.  In the complex patch using chickpea seeds as host plant, the estimated search rate value for A. calandrae (0.0269 h-1) decreased in comparison with a simple patch (0.0488 h-1); however, the difference was not significant. These results can provide useful information for the biological control of the cowpea weevil in silos and store places.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Cowpea weevil
  • Handling time
  • Pteromalidae
  • Search rate  
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