ردیابی و آنالیز تبارزایی چهار ویروئید مهم آلوده کننده ‌تاکستان های استان زنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان. زنجان. ایران.

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان. سنندج. ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
 ویروئیدها در دو خانواده آوسان‌ ویروئیده با سه جنسPelamoviroid) ،  Avsunviroidو (Elaviroid و پوسپی‌ ویروئیده با پنج جنس (Pospiviroid, Coleviroid, Cocaviroid, Hostuviroid, Apscaviroid) طبقه­ بندی می‌شوند که ویروئیدهای شناخته شده انگور متعلق به سه جنس خانواده پوسپی‌ و‌یروئیده هستند. به­ منظور بررسی وضعیت آلودگی به ویروئیدهای انگور از تاکستان­ های استان زنجان نمونه‌برداری به‌صورت انتخابی از گیاهان دارای علائم مشکوک و همچنین فاقد علائم ظاهری مشخص بیماری‌های ویروئیدی انجام و در مجموع 121 نمونه گیاهی دارای علائم یا بدون علائم جمع‌آوری شد. استخراج آران­ای‌کل از بافت­های برگی و آوندی صورت‌ گرفت و سپس، ساخت دی­ان­ای مکمل (cDNA) با استفاده از آغازگر تصادفی شش تایی انجام شد. آزمون نسخه برداری معکوس-واکنش زنجیره ای پلیمراز (پی سی­آر) با استفاده از آغازگر اختصاصی ویروئیدهای برای ردیابی ویروئیدهای Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1(GYSVd-1) ،(GYSVd-2)   Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 2،(HSVd)  Hop stunt viroid، Australian grapevine viroid (ASGVd) انجام شد و نتایج حاکی از تکثیر قطعات اختصاصی مربوط به ویروئیدهای ذکر شده به ترتیب در 16، 19، 24 و 26 نمونه (حدود 14%، 16%، 20% و 22% نسبت به کل نمونه ­های آزموده شده) بود. تعیین ترادف نوکلئوتیدی هفت محصول پی­سی­آر به صورت انتخابی وبررسی روابط تبارزائی بر اساس توالی­ های نوکلئوتیدی نشان‌ داد که جدایه ­های جدید ردیابی ­شده در این تحقیق با جدایه ­هایی که قبلاً از ایران گزارش شده­ اند در یک گروه تبار­زایی قرار می­گیرند. علاوه براین، آلودگی مخلوط ویروئیدهای مذکور نشان داد بیشترین آلودگی مخلوط مربوط به آلودگی با ویروئید کوتولگی رازک با سایر ویروئیدها در اکثر مناطق نمونه برداری شده بود. این مطالعه اولین گزارش از شناسایی ویروئیدهای مهم آلوده‌ کنندة تاکستان‌های استان زنجان بر اساس داده‌های مولکولی می باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of four important viroids from vineyards in Zanjan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Salami 1
  • Roghayeh Moradi 1
  • Mohammad Hajizadeh 2
  • Davoud Koolivand 1
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan-Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Viroids are classified in two families including Avsunviroid that consists of three genera (Pelamoviroid, Avsunviroid and Elaviroid) and pospiviroid including five genera (Apscaviroid, Hostuviroid, Cocaviroid, Coleviroid and Pospiviroid). Grapevine-infecting viroids belong to the three genera in the pospiviroid family. A total of 121 symptomatic and non- symptomatic leaf and green shoot samples were collected from the main vineyards in Zanjan province to detect the important viroids infecting grapevines. Total RNAs were extracted from the samples and then cDNAs were synthesized by cDNA synthesize Kit with a random hexamer primer. Specific primers used to detect Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1(GYSVd-1), (GYSVd-2) Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 2, (HSVd) Hop stunt viroid, Australian grapevine viroid (ASGVd) in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results revealed that the specific DNA fragments corresponding to each viroids were amplified in PCR. Percentage of infections were 14%, 16%, 20% and 22% for GYSVd-1, GYSVD-2, HSVd and ASGVd relative to total number of examined samples, respectively. Sequencing of seven selected PCR-amplified fragments showed that each newly sequenced segment was classified in a clade with the previously reported respective isolates from Iran. In addition, the most mixed infection related to HSVd and other viroids. This is the first assay to detect the four important viroids infecting vineyards form Zanjan province.   

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Pospiviroid
  • PCR
  • Mixed infection
  • RT-PCR
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