مهار زیستی بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی نخود با استفاده از قارچ Rhizophagus irregularis و کود زیستی نیتروکسین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی ، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

2 بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
در این مطالعه تاثیر قارچ-ریشه Rhizophagus irregularis و کود زیستی نیتروکسین به صورت تنهایی و در ترکیب با هم در گیاه نخود زراعی آلوده به قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ارزیابی اثر بخشی این تیمارها با اندازه­ گیری تغییرات رنگدانه­ های کلروفیلی و کارتنوئیدی و ارزیابی شدت بیماریزایی انجام گرفت. یک طرح بلوک­های کاملا تصادفی در هشت تیمار و سه تکرار مستقل از هم در شرایط گلخانه انجام گرفت. نتایج ما نشان داد که میزان رنگدانه ­های کلروفیلی و کارتنوئیدی در گیاهان آلوده بدون تیمار کودهای زیستی به میزان معنی داری کاهش یافته است در حالیکه که شدت بیماری زایی افزایش یافت. بیشترین میزان افزایش رنگدانه های کلروفیل a و کارتنوئید در تیمار نیتروکسین مشاهده شد درحالیکه بیشترین میزان افزایش کلروفیل b و ab در تیمار قارچ-ریشه ثبت گردید. تقریباً بیشترین میزان تغییرات در صفات اندازه­ گیری شده، مربوط به تیمار قارچ-ریشه بود. درحالیکه تمام تیمارها قادر به افزایش اجزاء عملکرد نسب به شاهد بودند. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی شدت بیماریزایی در گیاهان بیمار تلقیح شده با کودهای زیستی نشان داد ترکیب دو کود زیستی باعث کاهش معنی داری در میزان شدت بیماری شده است. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق پیشنهاد می­ شود که استفاده از مخلوط دو کود زیستی به صورت مخلوط با بستر کشت می­تواند با افزایش اجزاء عملکرد گیاه، مقاومت آن را نسبت به تنش بیماری افزایش دهد
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biological control of fusarium wilt of chickpea using Rhizophagus irregularis fungus and nitroxin bio-fertilizer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mortaza Ghorbani 1
  • Seyed Kazazem Sabagh 2
  • Asadoolah Karimi 3
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
2 Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Campus of Science, Yazd University,Yazd, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In this study, the effect of Rhizophagus irregulariss mycorrhiza and nitroxin bio-fertilizers alone and in combination form was evaluated on control of chickpea wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Evaluation of effectiveness of these treatments was done through measurement of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, and disease severity. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design by eight treatments with three replications was conducted under greenhouse condition. Our results showed that the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments were significantly decreased in infected plants without biofertilizer treatment while disease severity was increased. The highest increase in  chlorophyll a and carotenoid pigments was observed in nitroxin treatment while the highest increase in  chlorophyll b and ab was recorded in mycorrhizae treatment. Approximately, the maximum change in measured parameters was related to mycorrhiza treatment while all treatments were able to increase yield components compared to control plant. The results of disease severity assessment in infected plant inoculated with bio-fertilizers showed that application of these bio-fertilizers in combination form caused a significant reduction in disease severity. Based on these results, use of both bio-fertilizers combined with soil could increase plant resistance to disease stress by the  increase of yield components

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Azotobacter
  • Azospirillum
  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Disease severity
  • Mycorrhizae
  • Yield components
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