کارایی ترکیبات تجاری قارچ‌کش‌ اکسی‌کلرور مس در کنترل بیماری سفیدک داخلی خیار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جیرفت، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
سفیدک داخلی یکی از مهم­ترین بیماری­ های خیار است. استفاده از قارچ‌کش‌های با چند نقطه اثر در برنامه‌های کنترل این بیماری برای محافظت کافی از محصول و به تأخیر انداختن مقاومت احتمالی گروه‌های پرخطر قارچ‌کش‌های با یک نقطه اثر توصیه می‌شود. در این مطالعه کارایی 15 فرمولاسیون تجاری مختلف تهیه شده در داخل کشور از اکسی‌کلرور مس (WP 35%) با غلظت دو در هزار، در کنترل این بیماری در کنار قارچ‌کش‌های رایج فلوپیکولید + پروپاموکارب هیدروکلراید SC 68.75% (اینفینیتو®) دو در هزار و سیازوفامید SC 400 (رانمن®) 5/0 درهزار همراه با تیمار شاهد بدون سم‌پاشی در کنترل این بیماری بررسی شد. آزمایشات در استان ­های تهران (ورامین) و مازندران (آمل) با 16 تیمار و جنوب استان کرمان (جیرفت) با 17 تیمار در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی و با چهار تکرار در سیستم‌های تولید گلخانه‌ای (ورامین و جیرفت) و فضای باز (آمل) بررسی شد. محلول ­پاشی با مشاهده اولین علایم بیماری شروع و با فاصله 5 تا 7 روزه تکرار شد. در آزمایش­ های جیرفت، ورامین و آمل به ترتیب 2، 3 و 4 نوبت محلول ­پاشی با تیمارهای آزمایش انجام گرفت. ارزیابی کرت ­های آزمایشی در مرحله وقوع شدت بیماری با درجه 9 در شاخص نمره­دهی کرت­های شاهد انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس داده ­ها، اختلاف معنی ­دار آماری را در همه آزمایشات بین تیمارها و شاهد نشان داد. مقایسه میانگین داده‌های آزمایشات نشان داد  ترکیبات تجاری اکسی‌کلرور مس دارای اثرات یکسان نبوده و در چند گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. کارایی آنها در کنترل بیماری در شرایط گلخانه 9/72-9/65 درصد و در شرایط مزرعه 43-29 درصد بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of copper oxychloride brands in the control of cucumber downy mildew

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Reza Fani 1
  • Hossein Azimi 2
  • Farid Beiki 2
  • Mousa Najafinia 3
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran.
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
3 Plant Protection Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Downy mildew is one of the most important diseases of cucumber. The use of multi-site fungicides in disease control programs is recommended to ensure adequate crop protection and to delay the potential resistance of high-risk groups of single-site fungicides. The efficacy of 15 different copper oxychloride (WP 35%) brands of Iranian formulators with a concentration of 2 g/L, in control of cucumber downy mildew were assayed. Other treatments were two registered fungicides flopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride SC 68.75% (Infinito) 2 ml/L and cyazofamid SC 400 (Ranman®) 0.5 ml/L with control treatment. Trials were performed in Tehran (Varamin) and Mazandaran (Amol) provinces with 16 treatments and southern Kerman province (Jiroft) with 17 treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiments were carried out in greenhouse production systems (Varamin and Jiroft) and open field (Amol). Foliar spray began with the appearance of first symptoms of the disease and was repeated at intervals of 5 to 7 days. In Jiroft, Tehran and Mazandaran experiments, 2, 3 and 4 sprays were performed with experimental treatments, respectively. Experimental plots were evaluated at the stage of disease severity with a grade of 9 in the scoring index in control plots. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in all experiments between treatments and control. Comparison of the mean of the experiments showed that the brands of copper oxychloride had not the same effect and were divided into several statistical groups. Their efficiency was 65.9-72% in greenhouse conditions and 29-43% in open field conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Chemical Control
  • Cyazofamid
  • Downy Mildew
  • Fluopicolide
  • Multi-Site Fungicide

مراجع

References
 
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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 10، شماره 4
آذر 1400
صفحه 81-89

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 13 شهریور 1400

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