کارایی چند حشره‌کش علیه تریپس غربی گل Frankliniella occidentalis با ارایه دو شاخص جدید‌ اثربخشی آن در خیار گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران .

2 بخش تحقیقات حشره شناسی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
تریپس غربی گل Frankliniella occidentalis ، یکی از آفات مهم گیـاهی بـا دامنـه میزبـانی بسیار وسیع است که در اکثر نقاط دنیا خسارت می‌زند. از آنجایی که تریپس‌ها از جمله آفاتی هستند که به علت بالابودن تولید مثل و نرخ باروری بالا به آفت‌کش‌ها مقاومت نشان می‌دهند، شناسایی و توصیه حشره‌کش‌های جدید و کم خطر و تعیین کارایی آنها بعد از سم‌پاشی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار می‌باشد. در این تحقیق کارایی چهار حشره‌کش شامل فلوکسامتامید (گراسیا® EC 10%) با غلظت 3/0 و 5/0 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر، ایمیداکلوپرید (SC 35%) با غلظت 5/0 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر، سایپرمترین (EC 40%) با غلظت 5/0 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر و تیاکلوپراید + دلتامترین (پروتئوس® OD 11%) با غلظت 7/0 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر علیه این آفت در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و چهار تکرار در یک گلخانه خیار در سال 1398 بررسی شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس درصد تلفات تریپس غربی گل توسط تیمارها در روزهای سه، هفت و 14 بعد از سم‌پاشی معنی‌دار گردید (p <0.05). همچنین دو شاخص اثربخشی ترکیبات شیمیایی روی این آفت ارایه گردید و اختلاف معنی ­داری بین آنها مشاهده شد. رابطه بین تراکم جمعیت تریپس غربی در هر گل با تراکم تریپس شکار شده روی هر کارت آبی رنگ نیز تعیین و ضرائب تبدیل آنها به دست آمد. در مجموع ترکیب فلوکسامتامید با بالاترین درصد تلفات و شاخص کنترل و پایین‌ترین شاخص خسارت در بین تیمارهای مورد آزمایش، به عنوان حشر‌ه‌کش مناسب برای کنترل این آفت در شرایط گلخانه‌ای قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of several insecticides against western flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis by introducing its Two new effectiveness indices in greenhouse cucumber

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Nateq Golestan 1
  • Fatemeh Shafaghi 2
  • Aziz Sheikhi Gorjan 2
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is one of the most important plant pests with a wide range of hosts that causes damage in most parts of the world. In this study, the efficacy of four insecticides including Gracia® (fluxametamide EC 10%) 0.3 and 0.5 ml/l, imidacloprid (SC 35%) 0.5 ml/l, cypermethrin (EC 40%) 0.5 ml/l and Proteus® (thiachlopride + deltamethrin 11% OD) 0.7 ml/l against this pest was based on a randomized complete block design with four replications in a cucumber greenhouse in 2019. The regression relationship between post-spraying intervals and the western flower thrips population was fitted with a quadratic model.  The results of analysis of variance of Western flower thrips mortality by treatments on days 3, 7 and 14 after spraying were significant (P <0.05). Also, two effectiveness indices of chemical compounds on this pest were presented and a significant difference was observed between them. The relationship between the population density of western flower thrips per flower and the density of thrips hunted on each blue card was also determined and their conversion coefficients were obtained. In general, fluxametamide with the highest percentage of mortality and control index and the lowest damage index among the tested treatments is recommended as a suitable insecticide to control this pest in greenhouse conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Control index
  • Chemical Control
  • Damage index
  • Pyrethroids
  • Sucking pest
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