اثرات کشندگی اسانس‌های گیاهی فرموله شده روی شپشک آردآلود پنبه Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حشره شناسی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
در این پژوهش پس از تهیه فرمولاسیون‌هایی از اسانس‌های پونه Mentha longifolia، نعناع فلفلی Mentha piperita  و لعل کوهستان Oliveria decumbens ، کیفیت فرمولاسیون‌های ساخته شده بر اساس روش FAO بررسی شد. سپس کارایی حشره‌کشی این ترکیبات در مقایسه با آفت‌کش‌های دایابون و استامی‌پرید علیه پوره سن اول و حشرات کامل شپشک آردآلود پنبهPhenacoccus solenopsis  در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌های مزرعه‌ای در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام گرفت. تعداد پوره سن اول و حشره کامل شپشک در نوبت‌های یک روز قبل و سه، هفت و چهارده روز بعد از تیمار شمارش شد. میزانLC50  فرمولاسیون پونه، نعناع فلفلی، لعل کوهستان، دایابون، دایابون+ روغن کنجد و استامی‌پرید در آزمایشگاه روی حشرات کامل شپشک با گذشت 48 ساعت از زمان تیمار به ترتیب 55/164، 41/171، 92/195، 85/6177،  58/3316 و 28/69 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و میزان همین شاخص در مورد پوره‌های سن اول به ترتیب 77/49، 13/55، 32/65، 10/4256، 89/2159 و 45/16 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر برآورد شد. نتایج زیست‌سنجی مزرعه‌ای نشان داد که اسانس‌های فرموله شده اثرات قابل قبولی روی مراحل رشدی شپشک آردآلود پنبه داشتند. آفت‌کش استامی‌پرید سمیت بیشتری نسبت به سایر ترکیبات داشت اما با گذشت زمان اثر آن کاهش یافت. نتایج به طور کلی نشان داد اسانس‌های فرموله شده به عنوان ترکیبات امیدبخش شناخته شده و می‌توانند به عنوان یک فرآوردة کاربردی در مدیریت تلفیقی این آفت مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Lethal effects of formulated essential oils on Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hem.: Pseudococcidae), under the laboratory and fields conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Roozdar 1
  • Behzad Habibpour 2
  • Mohammad Saeed Mossadegh 3
  • Mohammad Mahmoodi Sourestani 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In this research after formulating essential oils of Mentha longifolia, Mentha piperita and Oliveria decumbens, quality of the prepared formulations was studied according to the FAO standards. Then insecticidal efficacy of these compounds was investigated in comparison with Dayabon (Dayabon®) and acetamiprid (Mospilan®) against first instar nymphs and adults of Phenacoccus solenopsis in lab and field conditions. The LC50 values of formulated essential oils of M. longifolia, M. piperita, O. decumbens, Dayabon, Dayabon+ sesame oil and  acetamiprid on the adults and the nymphs of P. solenopsis were 164.55, 171.41, 195.92, 6177.85, 3316.58, 69.28 and 49.77, 55.13, 65.32, 4256.10, 2159.89 and 16.45 mg/l, 48h after treatment respectively. Field experiments were also conducted with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The numbers of P. solenopsis (nymph and adult) on branch samples were counted before treatment and 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after treatment. The field bioassay results showed that formulated essential oils had acceptable effects on developmental stages of P. solenopsis. Acetamiprid toxicity was higher than the other treatments but gradually reduced. The total results revealed that formulated essential oils were known as promising compounds in integrated management of this pest.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Acetamiprid
  • Cotton mealybug
  • Dayabon
  • Essential oils
  • Formulation
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