مهار بیماری پاخوره گندم با استفاده از ترکیبات القاکننده مقاومت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 دانشیار بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
استفاده از ترکیبات القاکننده مقاومت همچون ترکیبات فرار میکروبی، یک راهبرد نوین برای مهار بیمارگرهای گیاهی با استفاده از توان ژنتیکی گیاه است. در این پژوهش، اثر بازدارندگی ترکیبات القاکننده مقاومت بنزوتیازول، متیل­سالیسیلات، متیل­جاسمونات، بوتان دی­اُل، ایندول و استوئین بر رشد قارچGaeumannomyces graminis var.  tritici  و همچنین مهار بیماری پاخوره گندم در شرایط گلخانه‌ای در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. بذور گندم رقم پیشگام ضدعفونی سطحی شده و در محلول 100 میکرومولار ترکیبات القاکننده مقاومت و شاهد (آب مقطر) به مدت 30 دقیقه قرار داده شدند. بذرها در گلدان‌های حاوی مایۀ بیمارگر کشت شدند و گلدان‌ها به مدت 30 روز در شرایط گلخانه نگهداری شدند. آزمون بازدارندگی مستقیم رشد بیمارگر در شرایط تشتک پتری نشان داد که سه ترکیب ایندول، بوتان دی­اُل و استوئین به عنوان بهترین تیمارها به­ترتیب تنها باعث 29/14، 29/14 و 27/8 درصد بازدارندگی از رشد قارچ نسبت به شاهد شدند. ارزیابی صفات رشدی گندم نشان داد که تیمارهای مورد آزمایش در صفت وزن خشک ریشه تفاوت معنی­داری با شاهد آلوده ایجاد نکردند ولی در صفت وزن خشک اندام­هوایی، تیمارهای بنزوتیازول، استوئین و متیل سالیسیلات وزن خشک را به‌صورت قابل‌توجهی افزایش دادند. همه ترکیبات مورد استفاده قادر بودند خسارت بیمارگر را به‌صورت قابل‌توجهی کاهش دهند. بیشترین کاهش بیماری نسبت به شاهد آلوده در تیمارهای بنزوتیازول و استوئین مشاهده شد که شاخص بیماری را به ترتیب 87/60 و 39/57 درصد کاهش دادند. استفاده از ترکیبات القاکننده مقاومت می‌تواند رهیافتی امیدبخش در مهار بیماری پاخوره گندم باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Inhibition of wheat take-all disease using defenses-inducing compounds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Safari 1
  • Rouhallah Sharifi 2
  • Saeed Abbassi 3
1 MSc, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Application of defense-inducing compounds such as microbial volatiles is a new strategy for suppression of plant diseases based on plant intrinsic genetic potential. In this study, effect of defense inducing compounds including, benzothiazole, methyl salicylate, methyl jasmonate, butanediol, indole and acetoin were investigated on Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici mycelial growthin vitro and on suppression of wheat take-allat greenhouse situation as a completely randomized design. Seeds of wheat cultivar Pishgam were surface sterilized and placed in 100 μM solution of benzothiazole, methyl salicylate, methyl jasmonate, butanediol, indole, acetoin or control (distilled water) for 30 minutes. Seeds were sown in the pots containing pathogen inoculated soil in the greenhouse for 30 days. In vitro experiment showed that indole, butanediol and acetoin as best treatment reduced pathogen mycelial growth only 14.29, 14.29 and 8.27% compared to untreated control. Analysis of plant growth factors showed that defence inducers treatment had no significant effect on root dry weight compared to infected control. In contrast, benzothiazole, acetoin and methyl salicylate significantly increased aerial part dry weight. Moreover, all of the chemical inducers were able to reduce disease severity, significantly. The highest disease suppression were achieved in the case of benzothiazole and acetoin decreasing disease severity by 60.9 and 57.4 %, respectively. Exploitation of plant defense inducers seems to be promising strategy in management of wheat take-all disease.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Disease resistance
  • Plant defense
  • Triticum aestivum
  • Volatile compounds
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