ردیابی جهش های ژنی مرتبط با مقاومت به بنزیمیدازول ها و استروبیلورین ها در جدایه های Botrytis cinerea جمع آوری شده از انگور در استان آذربایجان غربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

2 استادیار، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه.

3 استادیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

چکیده

چکیده
کنترل شیمیایی با استفاده از قارچ­کش­ها مهم­ترین روش کنترل Botrytis cinerea در محصولات مختلف به شمار می­رود. ولی مدیریت موثر این قارچ مستلزم وجود اطلاعاتی در زمینه وجود و فراوانی سویه­های مقاوم به قارچ­کش­ها و میزان مقاومت و نیز جهش­های مرتبط با بروز مقاومت است. در این تحقیق حساسیت 103 جدایه B. cinerea که از تاکستان­های مناطق مختلف استان آذربایجان غربی جمع­آوری شده بودند، نسبت به کاربندازیم و آزوکسی­استروبین مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در بین جدایه­های مورد بررسی، 39 جدایه (38 درصد) به کاربندازیم و 35 جدایه (34 درصد) نسبت به آزوکسی­استروبین خیلی مقاوم بودند. توالی­یابی بخشی از ژن بتاتوبولین نشان داد که در سویه­های مقاوم به کاربندازیم، جهش از GAG به GCG اتفاق افتاده است که منجر به جایگزینی آلانین با اسید گلوتامیک در کدون 198 و بروز فنوتیپ Ben R1 می­شود. بررسی توالی بخشی از ژن cyt b مشخص نمود که سویه­های مقاوم به آزوکسی­استروبین، یک جهش نقطه­ای از GGT به GCT داشتند که موجب جایگزینی آلانین با گلایسین در کدون 143 می­شود. همچنین یکی از جدایه­های حساس به آزوکسی­استروبین دارای اینترون Bcbi-143/144 بلافاصله پس از کدون 143 در ژن cyt b بود. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از قارچ­کش­های گروه­های بنزیمیدازول و استروبیلورین در مدیریت B. cinerea در تاکستان­های منطقه قابل توصیه نیست. البته با توجه به اینکه سویه­های مقاوم به بنزیمیدازول­ها دارای فنوتیپ Ben R1 بودند، می­توان از دی­اتوفن­کارب یا زوکسامید به همراه یکی از قارچ­کش­های بنزیمیدازولی استفاده کرد و سویه­های حساس و مقاوم را به طور موثری کنترل نمود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection of Gene Mutations Associated with Resistance to Benzimidazoles and Strobilurins in Botrytis cinerea Isolates from Grape in West Azarbaijan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vafa Reaei Rad 1
  • Masoud Abrinbana 2
  • Saied Rezaei 3
1 Detection of Gene Mutations Associated with Resistance to Benzimidazoles and Strobilurins in Botrytis cinerea Isolates from Grape in West Azarbaijan Province
2 Assisstant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
3 Assisstant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Chemical control using fungicides is considered as the most important method to control Botrytis cinerea in different crops. However, effective management of this pathogen requires information on presence and frequency of fungicide-resistant strains and levels of resistance as well as mutations associated with the resistance. In this research, sensitivity of 103 B. cinerea isolates collected from vineyards in different regions of West Azarbaijan province was assessed to carbendazim (60 WP) and azoxystrobin (25 SC). Among the studied isolates, 39 (38%) and 35 (34%) isolates were highly resistant to carbendazim and azoxystrobin, respectively. Partial sequencing of the beta tubulin gene indicated that in carbendazim-resistant strains GAG had changed to GCG which led to the substitution of glutamic acid by alanine at the codon position 198 and subsequently appearance of Ben R1 phenotype. Analysis of the partial cyt b gene sequence revealed that in azoxystrobin-resistant strains GGT had changed to GCT (point mutation) leading to substitution of glycine by alanine at the codon position 143. Further, one of the azoxystrobin-sensitive isolates had Bcbi-143/144 intron immediately after codon 143 in cyt b. The results indicated that application of benzimidazole and strobilurin fungicides groups are not recommended for B. cinerea management in the vineyards of the region. However, given that benzimidazole-resistant strains had Ben R1 phenotype, benzimidazole fungicides can be used with diethofencarb or zoxamide as a mixture partner to effectively control both sensitive and resistant strains.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Beta tubulin
  • Cytochrome b
  • Fungicide resistance
  • Gray mold
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