شناسایی عامل بیماری شانکر درختان میوه هسته‏ دار Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و مقایسه‌ی مقاومت برخی ارقام گیلاس نسبت به آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

2 استادیار بیماری‏شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‏پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
باکتری عامل شانکر درختان میوه هسته‏دار Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae(Pss)، بیمارگر خطرناکی است که به بیش از 200 گونه گیاهی مختلف حمله می‌کند. به دلیل اهمیت بیماری، هدف از انجام این تحقیق شناسایی دقیق عامل بیماری در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و مقایسه‌ی مقاومت برخی ارقام گیلاس نسبت به عامل بیماری بود.طی سال 1394 تا 1395، از درختان هسته‏دار دارای علائم شانکر، ترشح صمغ و لکه‏برگی، 33 سویه‌ی باکتری جداسازی شد. سویه‌های مورد بررسی، میله‌ای شکل، متحرک، گرم منفی، هوازی اجباری، اکسیداز و آرژنین دهیدرولاز منفی، کاتالاز مثبت، لوان مثبت، و واکنش فوق حساسیت مثبت و فاقد توانایی لهانیدن ورقه‌های سیب‌زمینی بودند. ژن‌های مسئول تولید (syrB) و ترشح (syrD) زهرابه سیرینگومایسین در تمام سویه‏های مورد مطالعه در آزمون PCR ردیابی شدند. تمام جدایه‌های Pss مایه‌زنی شده به میوه‌ی گیلاس توانایی ایجاد لکه‌های نکروز را داشتند ولی پرآزاری متفاوتی نشان دادند. بر اساس خصوصیات فنوتیپی، بیماری‌زایی و نتایج PCR همه جدایه‏ها به عنوان Pssشناسایی شدند. برای بررسی مقاومت ارقام گیلاس، ارقام تکدانه‌ی مشهد، قاهری و صورتی انتخاب شدند. از نظر شاخص‌های تعداد لکه نکروز روی برگ، طول ناحیه نکروز شاخه و جمعیت باکتری در بافت برگ، بین ارقام مختلف، اختلاف معنی‏دار وجود داشت. براساس نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق، رقم تکدانه‌ی مشهد بیشترین حساسیت و رقم صورتی کمترین حساسیت را به بیمارگر Pss نشان دادند. 

 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of the Causal Agent of Bacterial Canker of Stone Fruit Trees Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province and Comparison of Some Cherry Cultivars Resistance to it

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Erfani Nik 1
  • Rasool Rezaei 2
  • hHabibillah Charghani 2
1 Former MSc. Student of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss), the causal agent of bacterial canker of stone fruits, is a dangerous pathogen that attacks more than 200 different plant species. Due to the importance of disease, the purpose of this study was to identify the causal agent of the disease in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province and comparing the resistance of some cherry cultivars to this pathogen. During 2015-2016, 33 bacterial strains were isolated from stone fruit plants with canker, gummosis, and leaf spot symptoms from different regions of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province. Isolates were rod-shaped, motile, gram-negative, obligate aerobe, oxidase negative, catalase, levan and tobacco hypersensitive reaction positive, arginine dihydrolase and potato rot negative. The genes responsible for syringomycin synthesis (syrB) and syringomycin secretion (syrD) were detected in all isolates. All strains were able to produce necrosis spots on cherry fruit but showed different virulence. Regarding the phenotypic characteristics, pathogenicity test and PCR results of this study, all isolates were identified as Pss. To study the resistance of cherry plants, Takdaneh Mashhad, Ghaheri and Surati cultivars were selected. There was a significant difference between different cultivars, based on the number of the necrotic lesion on the leaf, length of the necrotic region on the branch and bacterial population in leaf tissue. Among the different cherry cultivars studied in this research, Takdaneh Mashhad cultivar was the most susceptible and Surati cultivar showed the least sensitivity to Pss.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Bacteria
  • Pathogenicity
  • Toxin
  • Canker
  • Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
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