ارزیابی تغییرات جمعیت سوسک سوسن چلچراغ Lilioceris faldermanni و معرفی دشمنان طبیعی آن در داماش استان گیلان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ،رشت، ایران

2 اداره کل حفاظت محیط زیست استان گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 سازمان منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سوسک چلچراغLilioceris faldermanni  آفت مهم گیاه سوسن چلچراغ در منطقه داماش استان گیلان است که هر ساله لاروها و حشرات کامل آن به اندام‌های هوایی گیاه، خسارت وارد می‌آورند. تغییرات جمعیت لاروها و حشرات بالغ آن از اسفند 1396 تا مهر ‌ماه 1400 در منطقه داماش مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و پس از انتخاب تعداد نمونه مناسب در هر منطقه، دو هفته یکبار مراحل رشدی آفت از روی بوته‌ها شمارش و ثبت شد. با استفاده از میانگین تعداد لاروها و حشرات کامل در هر نمونه برداری، نوسانات جمعیت آفت تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد حشرات کامل زمستان‌گذران به تدریج از اواخر اسفند‌ ماه روی بوته‌های سوسن چلچراغ ظاهر می‌شوند و طی 45 روز به اوج تراکم جمعیت می‌رسند. تخم‌گذاری این حشرات از اواسط فروردین ماه آغاز می‌شود. اولین ظهور حشرات بالغ نسل اول در هفته آخر خرداد تا هفته اول تیر ماه ثبت شد که در این مدت تراکم جمعیت حشرات کامل با افزایش قابل توجهی مواجه می‌شود. از این آفت سه نسل در منطقه داماش ثبت شد. نتایج بررسی همبستگی بین مراحل مختلف رشدی آفت با میانگین دمای روزانه نشان داد بین تغییرات جمعیت حشرات کامل، مراحل نابالغ و تخم همبستگی در سطح 05/0 معنی دار می‌باشد. الگوی توزیع فضایی این آفت برای همه مراحل رشدی نیز طی چهار سال در منطقه داماش، از نوع تجمعی به دست آمد. در این پژوهش چهار گونه کفشدوزک شکارگر از خانواده Coccinellidae برای مراحل تخم و لارو و یک جنس مگس پارازیتوئید از خانواده Tachinidae جمع‌آوری و گزارش شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of population fluctuations of the lily beetle Lilioceris faldermanni and introduction of its natural enemies in Damash, Guilan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Mojib hagh ghadam 1
  • Mohammadreza Abbasi Mozhdehi 1
  • Fatemeh Askari Bozayeh 1
  • Majid Mardani Sefidmezgi 1
  • Fatemeh Khanjani 2
  • Mohsen Yousefpour Rashti 3
1 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Rasht, Iran
2 Department of Environment, Guilan Province, Rasht, Iran
3 Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The beetle Lilioceris faldermanni is a major pest affecting the Chehel Cheragh Lily in the Damash region of Gilan Province. Both its larvae and adults damage the aerial parts of the plant. From March 2018 to October 2021, the population dynamics of this pest was studied in Damash, Guilan Province. After selecting an appropriate number of samples in each area, population fluctuations were analyzed based on the average number of larvae and adults per sampling. The study revealed that overwintering adults emerge in late March, peaking in density within 45 days. Egg-laying begins in mid-April, and the first-generation adults appear between late June and early July, with a significant increase in population density. Three generations of this pest were recorded in the Damash region. The results of the correlation analysis between the different developmental stages of the pest and the average daily temperature showed a significant correlation at the 0.05 level between the population changes of adult insects, immature stages, and eggs. The spatial distribution pattern of this pest for all developmental stages over the four years in the Damash region was found to be aggregated. In this study, four species of ladybugs from the Coccinellidae family were collected and reported for the egg and larval stages, as well as one genus of parasitic fly from the Tachinidae family.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Damage
  • Ladybeetle
  • Lilium
  • Parasitoid
  • Predator

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 14، شماره 3
مهر 1404
صفحه 279-294

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 خرداد 1404

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