اثر مقایسه‌ای دو نوع مایع روغنی از قارچ بیمارگر حشرات Beauveria bassianaروی سفیدبالک جالیز Bemisia tabaci

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎهﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و آموزش ﮐﺸﺎوزی و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن گلستان، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزی، گرگان، اﯾﺮان

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت استفاده از قارچ­ های بیمارگر حشرات در کنترل آفات مکنده، در این پژوهش دو نوع مایع روغنی حاوی سویه زهرآگین از قارچ Beauveia bassiana تهیه و زیست‌سنجی‌های آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه‌ای آن روی پوره‌های سفیدبالک جالیز انجام شد. در تهیه مایع روغنی از کنیدیوم و بلاستوسپور قارچ به صورت جداگانه استفاده شد. مایع روغنی اول، حاوی پارافین مایع و تویین 80، کربوکسی متیل سلولز و تالک و مایع روغنی دوم، از پارافین مایع به همراه امولسیفایر (پلی‌اتیلن گلایکول) تشکیل شده است. برای مقایسه، پروپاگول­ های قارچی در آب مقطر استریل و تویین 80 مخلوط شدند (تیمار مایع غیر روغنی). زیست ­سنجی آزمایشگاهی و تعیین LC50  در شرایط آزمایشگاهی روی سطح برگ و زیست‌سنجی گلخانه­ ای در گلدان روی گیاهان آلوده به آفت انجام شد. در این پژوهش هم‌چنین زنده­ مانی کنیدیوم و بلاستوسپور‌های قارچ در هر دو مایع روغنی تا چهار ماه در دمای محیط آزمایشگاه و در یخچال بررسی شد. در زیست­ سنجی آزمایشگاهی، در همه تیمار­ها با افزایش غلظت قارچ میزان مرگ نیز افزایش داشته است. در شرایط گلخانه­ با دو نوبت پاشش مایع روغنی روی بوته‎ های آلوده، بهترین تاثیر را تیمار مایع روغنی اول با 86/77 درصد تلفات و کم‌ترین تاثیر را تیمار مایع غیر روغنی با 32/63 درصد نشان داد. زنده­ مانی قارچ در مایع روغنی اول در هر دو دمای مورد مطالعه نسبت به مایع روغنی دوم بهتر بوده است. در همه­ زیست­ سنجی ­ها و به‌ویژه در آزمایش گلخانه‌ای، هر دو مایع روغنی درصد مرگ­و­میر بالاتری نسبت به مایع غیر روغنی روی پوره‌های سفیدبالک نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative efficacy of two oil-based liquids of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against the silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeedeh Javar 1
  • Shahram Farrokhi 2
  • Mahboobeh Sharifi 1
  • Kourosh Ghaderi 1
  • Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini 1
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the significance of insect-pathogenic fungi in controlling sucking pests, this study evaluated two types of oily liquids containing Beauveria bassiana against whitefly nymphs through laboratory and greenhouse bioassays. The oily liquids were prepared using fungal conidia and blastospores separately. The first oily liquid contained liquid paraffin and tween 80, carboxymethyl cellulose and talc. The second oily liquid consisted of liquid paraffin with an emulsifier (polyethylene glycol). For comparison, fungal propagules were mixed in sterile distilled water and tween 80 (non-oily liquid treatment). Laboratory bioassays and LC50 determination were conducted on leaf surfaces, and greenhouse bioassays were performed on whitefly-infested potted plants. The survival of fungal conidia and blastospores in both oily liquids was monitored for four months at ambient and refrigerated temperatures. In laboratory bioassays, mortality rates increased with higher fungal concentrations. In greenhouse conditions, two foliar applications of the oily liquids on infested plants showed that the first oily liquid had the highest efficacy with 77.86% mortality, while the non-oily liquid had the lowest at 63.32%. The first oily liquid also demonstrated better fungal survival than the second oily liquid at both temperatures. Overall, both oily liquids exhibited higher mortality rates than the non-oily liquid in all bioassays, particularly in the greenhouse experiment.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioassay
  • Blastospore
  • Conidia
  • Oily liquid
  • Whitefly
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