تغذیه از دانه‌های گرده پنج رز زینتی: تأثیر آن روی ویژگی‌های تولیدمثلی و پارامترهای جدول زندگی کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii از جمله عوامل مهم کنترل بیولوژیک است. از آن­جایی که ­گرده گیاهان مختلف تیره گلسرخیان به عنوان عاملی اثربخش در بهبود نشوونما و تولیدمثل فیتوزئیدهای شکارگر عمومی معرفی شده­اند، در این مطالعه اثر تغذیه از دانه­ های ­گرده پنج رز زینتی (رز مینیاتوری، گل­ محمدی، رز سفید آوالانچ، رز سفید آیس ­برگ و رز قرمز سامورائی) بر پارامترهای زیستی این شکارگر مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. آزمایش­ ها در دمای 2 ± 25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10 ± 60 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی انجام شدند. در تیمار شاهد، کنه ­ها با تخم و سایر مراحل نارس کنه تارتن دولکه ­ای Tetranychus urticae تغذیه شدند. بر اساس نتایج، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) در شکارگران تغذیه شده با گرده­ های رز مینیاتوری (206/0 بر­روز) و گل­ محمدی (199/0 بر­روز) بیشتر از بقیه بود. بعد آن، در تیمارهای گرده ­های رز آوالانچ، سامورایی، آیس ­برگ و شاهد، به ­ترتیب 171/0، 166/0، 164/0 و 156/0 بر ­روز برآورد شد. با وجود مرگ ومیر 4/10 درصدی افراد نارس در تیمار گرده رز مینیاتوری، طول دوره نارس (26/6 روز) و نیز طول دوره پیش از تخم­ گذاری (2/1 روز) کوتاه­تر بود. همچنین، زادآوری و طول دوره تخم­ گذاری در تیمار گرده گل­ محمدی (به ترتیب 38/59 تخم/ماده، 25/29 روز) و سپس رز مینیاتوری (به ترتیب 65/42 تخم/ماده، 35/24 روز) بیشتر از سایر تیمارها برآورد شد. بنابراین، تمامی دانه­ های گرده غذای مناسبی برای این کنه­ شکارگر بودند، هرچند، گرده­ های رز مینیاتوری و گل محمدی در مقایسه با تیمارهای دیگر، عملکرد بهتری را در رشدِ جمعیت آن نشان دادند.    

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Feeding from pollen grains of five ornamental roses: its effects on reproductive characteristics and demographic parameters of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nima Sedaghatzadeh
  • Shima Rahmani
Department of Plant Protection, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii is one of the most important biological control agents. The pollen grains of various Rosaceae plants have been effective in improving the development and reproduction of general phytoseiid predatory mites. This study investigated the effects of feeding from pollen grains of five ornamental roses (China rose, Damask rose, Avalanche rose, Iceberg rose and Samurai rose) on the mite life parameters. The experiments were conducted at 25 ± 2C, relative humidity of 60 ± 10%, and a photoperiod of 16 hours. In control, mites were fed with the eggs and immature stages of Tetranychus urticae. The results showed that the intrinsic rate of increase (r) in the predators fed with China rose pollen (0.206 day-1), followed by Damask rose pollen (0.199 day-1), was higher than the rest and followed by Avalanche, Samurai, Iceberg pollen, and control with the values ​​of 0.171, 0.166, 0.164, and 0.156 day-1, respectively. The pre-adult mortality in China rose pollen treatment was 10.4%, but the mites in this treatment developed faster (6.26 days) and started laying eggs in a shorter time (7.46 days). Also, the oviposition time and the number of eggs laid in the mites fed with Damask rose pollen (29.25 days, 59.38 eggs/female, respectively) followed by China rose pollen (24.35 days, 42.65 eggs/female, respectively) were more than others. Therefore, all rose pollen grains were suitable food for the development and reproduction of A. swirskii mites. However, pollens of China and Damask roses showed better performance in population growth of this predatory mite.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Demography
  • Diet
  • Phytoseiidae
  • Predatory mite
  • Rosaceae
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