کنترل زیستی نماتد ریشه گرهی (Meloidogyne javanica) در گوجه ‏فرنگی توسط برخی از باکتری‌های محرک رشد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

نماتدهای ریشه گرهی (Meloidogyne spp.) از مهمترین بیمارگرهای گیاهان از جمله گوجه‌فرنگی هستند. در این پژوهش تاثیر شش باکتری Bacillus amyloliquefaciens،Curtobacterium sp.، Staphylococcus epidermidis،Stenotrophomonas rhizophila،Pseudomonas sp. و Stenotrophomonas sp. strain LU2 بر نماتد M. javanica در گوجه فرنگی بررسی شد. در آزمون تاثیر این باکتری‏ ها بر تفریخ تخم این نماتد در شرایط آزمایشگاهی Curtobacterium sp. با 61%،  S. rhizophila با 52% و B. amyloliquefaciens با 46% به ترتیب بیشترین اثر کنترلی را نشان دادند. در آزمون تاثیر باکتری‏ ها بر مرگ ومیر لاروها در شرایط آزمایشگاهی به ترتیب Curtobacterium sp. با 43%، S. epidermidis با 33% و B. amyloliquefaciens با 32% بیشترین تاثیر را داشتند. در شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه در گلخانه در تیمارهای با و بدون نماتد حاوی باکتری تیمار بدون نماتد حاوی باکتری S. Rhizophila و تیمار نماتددار حاوی باکتری S. epidermidis در شاخص ارتفاع بوته به ترتیب با 48، 18%، در شاخص طول ریشه با 49، 29%، در شاخص وزن تر بوته با 178، 39% و در شاخص وزن خشک بوته با 182، 30% بیشترین تاثیر مثبت را نسبت به تیمار نماتد نشان دادند. در شاخص‌های بیماریزایی مربوط به تعداد لارو در 100 گرم خاک، تعداد گال در یک گرم ریشه، تعداد تخم در یک گرم ریشه تیمار حاوی باکتری  Curtobacterium sp.به ترتیب84%، 15%، 70% و تیمار حاوی باکتری B. amyloliquefaciens به ترتیب 73%، 9/5%، 66% و تیمار حاوی باکتری S. epidermidis به ترتیب %84، %42، %17 کنترل را نسبت به شاهد آلوده به نماتد بدون باکتری نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biological control of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on tomato plant by some plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPRs)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hadipoor
  • Hossein Mirzaei Najafgholi
  • Kourosh Azizi
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most important pathogens of plants, including tomato. In this study the effect of six bacteria viz., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Curtobacterium sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, Pseudomonas sp., and Stenotrophomonas sp. strain LU2 on Meloidogyne javanica was investigated. In the egg hatching test in laboratory conditions eighy days after inoculation, respectively Curtobacterium sp. with 61%, B. amyloliquefaciens with 46%, and Stenotrophomonas sp. with 26% showed the most control effect. In testing the number of live larvae in laboratory conditions, three days after inoculation, respectively Curtobacterium sp. with 43% mortality, B. amyloliquefaciens with 32% mortality, and Stenotrophomonas sp. with 8/5% mortality showed the most control effect. In the growth indices related to the greenhouse among the infected and healthy treatments, the treatments (with and without nematode - Curtobacterium sp.) in the plant height index respectively with 16, 22%, in the root length index with 20, 34% in plant fresh weight index with 40, 86% and in plant dry weight index with 30, 69% compared to control with nematodes showed the most positive effect. Also, the treatments (with and without nematode - B. amyloliquefaciens) in plant height with 14, 17, in root length with 5/76, 22, in plant fresh weight with 29, 36, in plant dry weight index with 23, 26 percent compared to control with nematodes showed a positive effect. The number of galls in one gram of root, the number of eggs in one gram of root of the treatment containing the bacteria Curtobacterium sp. 84%, 15%, and 70%, respectively, and B. amyloliquefaciens respectively showed 73%, 5/9%, and 66% control compared to the control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Greenhouse
  • Laboratory
  • Mortality
  • PGPR
  • Root-knot nematode

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 14، شماره 3
مهر 1404
صفحه 239-250

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 دی 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 فروردین 1404

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