کارآیی حشره کش های اسپینوزاد، ایمیداکلوپرید، ایندوکساکارب و کلرانترانیلی پرول روی شب پره مینوز گوجه فرنگی Tuta absoluta و دو گونه از زنبورهای پارازیتوئید آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
شب­پره مینوز گوجه­ فرنگی Tuta absoluta  یکی از آفات جدید و مهم گوجه ­فرنگی در ایران است و هرساله باعث کاهش راندمان و کیفیت محصول از نظر بازارپسندی می­ گردد. لذا جهت استفاده از حشره­ کش­ هایی با امنیت بیشتر برای محیط زیست، مصرف­ کنندگان و دشمنان طبیعی این آفت، در این پژوهش  اثر حشره‌‌کش‌های اسپینوزاد، ایمیداکلوپرید، اسپینوزاد و کلرانترانیلی پرول در شرایط مزرعه روی شب ­پره مینوز گوجه­ فرنگی بررسی شد. این بررسی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار حشره ­کش و یک شاهد در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که کارایی کلرانترانیلی­پرول و اسپینوزاد در روزهای سوم، هفتم، دهم و چهاردهم پس از سمپاشی بیشتر از ایندوکساکارب و ایمیداکلوپرید بود. همچنین تاثیر غلظت LC25 هر یک از حشره ­کش ­های مذکور روی میزان پارازیتیسم تخم­ های شب­ پره مینوز گوجه­ فرنگی توسط دو گونه زنبور پارازیتوئید Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenco  و  T. evanescens در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی شد. میزان کاهش پارازیتیسم در تیمارهای اسپینوزاد، ایندوکساکارب، ایمیداکلوپرید و کلرانترانیلی­پرول برای T. brassicae به ‌ترتیب 73/23، 31/18، 58/14 و 37/9 درصد و برای T. evanescens به‌ترتیب 02/24، 65/18، 78/13 و 75/9 درصد تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که کلرانترانیلی ­پرول سمیت کمتری برای زنبورهای پارازیتوئید نسبت به دیگر ترکیبات مورد بررسی داشته و نسبت به حشره­ کش­ های دیگر میزان پارازیتیسم دو گونه زنبور تریکوگراما را کمتر تحت تاثیر قرار داده است، لذا استفاده از آن در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی شب­پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی قابل توصیه می­ باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of spinosad, imidacloprid, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole on Tuta absoluta and two species of parasitoid wasps

نویسنده [English]

  • Sedigheh Ashtari
Plant Protection Research Department, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Tomato leaf miner is one of the new and important pests of tomato in Iran and every year it reduces the yield and quality of the product in terms of marketability. Therefore, in order to use insecticides that are safer for the environment, consumers and natural enemies, in this study, the effect of spinosad, imidacloprid, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole insecticides on Tuta absoluta was evaluated under field conditions. This study was performed in a randomized complete block design with five treatments, one control and three replications. The results of this study showed that the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole and spinosad was higher than indoxacarb and imidacloprid on the third, seventh, tenth and fourteenth days after spraying. Also, the effect of LC25 of each of the mentioned insecticides on the parasitism rate of tomato leaf miner moth eggs by two species of parasitoid wasps T. brassicae and Trichogramma evanescens was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The rate of reduction of parasitism in spinsad, imidacloprid, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole treatments for T. brassicae was 23.73, 18.31, 14.58 and 9.37%, respectively, and for T. evanescens 24.02, 18.65, 13.78, 9.75% was determined. The results showed that chlorantraniliprole was less toxic compared to other compounds studied for parasitoid wasps and compared to other insecticides, the rate of parasitism of two species of Trichogramma was less affected. Hence, its use in integrated pest management programs of T. absoluta is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key word: Chemical control
  • Integrated Pest Management
  • Parasitoid
  • Parasitism
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