بررسی تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر روی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و برخی مکانیسم‌های بیوشیمیایی زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum) علیه بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
پرایمینگ بذر موجب بهبود جوانه‌زنی و مولفه‌های رشدی گیاهچه‌ها تحت شرایط تنش‌های زنده و غیرزنده می‌شود. هدف از این پژوهش مقایسه تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر با قارچ کش‌های شیمیایی و جدایه‌های قارچ Trichoderma harzianum روی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و بنیه توده بومی زیره سبز می ­باشد. همچنین میزان فعالیت و بیان آنزیم فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز به‌عنوان نشانگرهای اصلی مسیر انتقال سیگنال فنیل پروپانوئید و تجمع متابولیت‌های ثانویه فنلی ارزیابی می­شود. نتایج غلظت‌های مؤثر بازدارندگی نشان داد که کمترین مقادیر حداقل غلظت‌های مهارکنندگی و کشندگی قارچکش‌های شیمیایی علیه Fusarium oxysporum به ترتیب مربوط به قارچ کش ایپرودیون-کاربندازیم (Rovral-TS®)، کاربندازیم (Bavistin®) و کاربوکسین تیرام (Vitavax thiram®) بود. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که جدایه‌های قارچ T. harzianum دارای فعالیت قارچ ایستایی علیه F.  oxysporum بوده و فاقد فعالیت قارچ کشی می‌باشند. نتایج بررسی مکانیسم‌های بیوشیمیایی نشان داد که میزان محتوای پروتئینی و تجمع ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوئیدی در گیاهچه‌های حاصل از بذور پرایم شده در مقایسه با شاهد سالم به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت. رابطه معنی ­داری بین بیان ژن و فعالیت آنزیم فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز با ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوئیدی مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که جدایه‌های قارچ T. harzianumو قارچکش‌های شیمیایی سبب فعال شدن سیستم آنتی اکسیدانی گیاه شده و از طریق افزایش محتوای پروتئینی و القای بیان ژن فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز منجر به تولید و انباشت متابولیت‌های ثانویه فنلی در زیره سبز می‌شوند. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که پرایمینگ بذر به ویژه با جدایه‌های T. harzianum ضمن بهبود کیفیت بذر و سلامت گیاهچه موجب افزایش میزان تولید و انباشت متابولیت‌های ثانویه فنلی می‌شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of seed priming on germination indices and some biochemical mechanisms of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) against Fusarium wilt disea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nima Khaledi
  • Leila Zare
1Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Seed priming improves germination and growth components of seedlings under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of seed priming with chemical fungicides and isolates of Trichoderma harzianum on germination and vigor indices of native cumin population. Also, the activity and expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme were evaluated as main markers of phenylpropanoid signal transduction pathway and accumulation of phenolic secondary metabolites. The results of effective inhibitory concentrations showed that the lowest values of minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of chemical fungicides against Fusarium oxysporum were related to Iprodione-Carbendazim (Rovral-TS®), Carbendazim (Bavistin®) and Carboxin thiram (Vitavax thiram®), respectively. The results also showed that T. harzianum isolates had fungistatic but not fungicide activity against F. oxysporum. The results of biochemical mechanisms showed that protein content and accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds increased significantly in seedlings obtained from bioprimed seeds compared to healthy control. A significant relationship was observed between gene expression and phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme activity with phenolic and with flavonoid compounds, as well. Moreover, the results showed that isolates of T. harzianum and chemical fungicides caused activation of the antioxidant system and by increasing protein content and inducing the expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene led to the production and accumulation of phenolic secondary metabolites in cumin. The findings of this research showed that seed priming, especially with T. harzianum isolates while improving seed quality and seedling health, increase the production and accumulation of phenolic secondary metabolites.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Cumin
  • Priming
  • Phenylpropanoid
  • Seed quality
  • Secondary metabolites
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