بررسی مقاومت تدریجی (Slow rusting) در برخی از لاین های پیشرفته گندم نسبت به زنگ ساقه (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل

2 بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
ظهور و گسترش سریع نژادهای بیماریزای عوامل زنگ­های گندم تحقیقات را به سمت یافتن منابع مقاومت پایدار هدایت کرده است. مقاومت تدریجی (Slow rusting) نوعی مقاومت نژاد غیراختصاصی و پایدار است. در این مطالعه به منظور تشخیص منابع احتمالی دارای مقاومت پایدار نسبت به زنگ ساقه، پارامترهای مقاومت تدریجی شامل ضریب آلودگی (CI)، شدت نهایی بیماری (FRS)، نرخ آلودگی ظاهری (r) و مقدار نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (rAUDPC) در 46 لاین گندم همراه با شاهد حساس (مخلوط رقم­McNair  و لاین CD-90-12 ) طی سال­های زراعی 95-1394 و 96-1395 در مزرعه آزمایشی ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل ارزیابی شدند. ارزیابی لاین­ها تحت شرایط آلودگی طبیعی و در برابر جمعیت نژادی دارای پرآزاری برای ژن­های مقاومت­Sr25،­Sr5 ،­Sr6 ،­Sr7a  ،Sr9f  ، ­Sr23،­Sr28 ،­Sr29 ،­Sr30 ،­Sr33 ،­Sr34 ،­Sr37 ،­SrDP2 ، ­SrGT،­SrPL ،­SrWLD ،SrH   و SrTmp انجام شد. نتایج بررسی­ها نشان داد که لاین­های گندم M-93-13، M-93-14،M-93-16  و M-93-20 مقادیر پایینی از CI، FRS، r  و rAUDPC نشان دادند و به ­عنوان لاین­های دارای سطح مطلوب مقاومت تدریجی در نظر گرفته شدند. لاین­های شماره ­C-93-10، C-94-6،C-94-8 ­، CD-94-6 M-93-3، M-93-12 وM-93-18  مقادیر متوسطی از پارامترهای مقاومت به زنگ ساقه را نشان دادند و به­ عنوان لاین­های دارای سطح متوسط مقاومت تدریجی برای زنگ ساقه در نظر گرفته شدند. 25 لاین نیز دارای سطح پایین مقاومت تدریجی و بقیه لاین­ها در گروه لاین­های حساس و بدون هیچ نوع مقاومت تدریجی گروه­بندی شدند. لاین­های دارای سطح مطلوب و متوسط مقاومت تدریجی که از این مطالعه تشخیص داده شدند، می­توانند برای معرفی رقم کاندید شده یا در برنامه ­های به ­نژادی گندم نسبت به زنگ ساقه استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evalution of slow rusting resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) in some elite wheat lines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safarali Safavi 1
  • Farzad Afshari 2
1 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Cereal Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The emergence and rapid spread of virulent races of wheat rusts has driven a search for sources of resistance for durable resistance. Slow rusting resistance, a kind of race-nonspecific resistance, has been reported to be more durable. In this study in order to identify possible sources of durable stem rust resistance between elite wheat lines, slow rusting parameters including coefficient of infection (CI), final rust severity (FRS), apparent infection rate (r) and relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC) were evaluated in a set of forty six wheat lines along with susceptible control (mixture of McNair and the line CD-90-12) in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 cropping seasons. This study was conducted in field plots at Ardabil Agricultural Research Station (Iran). All lines were evaluated under natural infection conditions against race population having virulence to resistance genes including Sr25, Sr5, Sr6, Sr7a, Sr23, Sr28, Sr29, Sr30, Sr33, Sr34, Sr37, SrDP2, SrGT, SrPL, SrWLD, SrH and SrTmp < /em>. Results of evaluations for resistance parameters showed that the lines M-93-13, M-93-14, M-93-16 and M-93-20 had low level of CI, FRS, r and rAUDPC so were considered as lines having high levels of slow rusting resistance. The lines C-93-10, C-94-6, C-94-8, CD-94-6, M-93-3, M-93-12 and M-93-18 had moderate level of slow rusting and 25 lines with high values of CI, FRS, r and rAUDPC were grouped as lines having low level of slow rusting resistance. The remaining lines without slow rusting resistance were considered as susceptible group. The lines with high and moderate levels of slow rusting resistance can be used in breeding programs or releasing new resistant cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Black rust
  • Virulence
  • Partial resistance
  • AUDPC

مراجع

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 10، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 15-28

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 مرداد 1400

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