اثر پرآزاری و غلظت اسپور جدایه های Didymella rabiei بر واکنش ژنوتیپ های نخود به بیماری برق زدگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران.

2 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد ورامین- پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
گیاه نخود سومین لگوم غذایی مهم جهان است. برق ­زدگی مخربترین بیماری نخود است که توسط قارچ Didymella rabiei ایجاد می­شود. شناسایی منابع مقاومت در ژرم ­پلاسم نخود جهت برنامه­ های به ­نژادی و مدیریت بیماری ضروری است. به منظور بررسی تأثیر غلظت اسپور و شدت پرآزاری جدایه بر واکنش ژنوتیپ­ های نخود به بیماری برق ­زدگی، آزمایش فاکتوریلی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. اثر دو جدایه (A3: با پرآزاری متوسط و A6: با پرآزاری شدید) و غلظت اسپور (105، 105 × 2، 105 × 5 اسپور در هر میلی ­لیتر آب مقطر) بر شاخص و شدت بیماری در 20 ژنوتیپ نخود مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص بیماری و شدت آن تحت تأثیر غلظت اسپور، پرآزاری جدایه ­ها و ژنوتیپ ­های نخود قرار گرفت و بین ژنوتیپ ­ها، جدایه ­ها و غلظت ­های اسپور تفاوت معنی ­داری مشاهده شد. شدت بیماری با افزایش غلظت اسپور از 105 × 2 به 105 × 5 اسپور در هر میلی ­لیتر برای ارقام مقاوم ILC 202، ILC72، ILC3279، ICC3996 و ICC12004 افزایش یافت، در حالی که شدت بیماری ژنوتیپ­های حساس تحت تأثیر همه  غلظت ­های اسپور بود. ارقام افتراقی نخود از جمله ILC202، ILC72، ILC3279، ICC3996 و ICC12004 در برابر تمام غلظت ­های اسپور جدایه A3 مقاوم بودند، در حالیکه به غلظت 105 × 2 اسپور جدایه A6 حساس بودند. غلظت اسپور 105 × 2 با جدایه A3 بیشترین تفاوت را میان ژنوتیپ ­های نخود بر اساس میانگین شاخص بیماری ایجاد کرد. اطلاعات به ­دست آمده از این تحقیق می ­تواند در برنامه ­های به ­نژادی ارقام نخود و مطالعات بررسی تنوع بیماری­زایی جمعیت قارچ مورد استفاده قرار­گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of the virulence and spore concentration of Didymella rabiei isolates on the reaction of chickpea genotypes to ascochyta blight

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Hossein Vafaei 1
  • Samaneh Jamshidipoor 2
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Pathology, Varamin Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Chickpea is the third most important food legume in the world. Ascochyta blight is the most destructive disease of chickpea caused by the fungus Didymella rabiei. Identification of resistance sources in germ­plasm of chickpea is essential for breeding programs and management of disease. In order to investigate the effects of spore concentration and virulence severity of isolate on intensity of ascochyta blight in chickpea genotypes, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications. Effect of two isolates (A3: moderately virulent & A6: highly virulent) and different spore concentrations (105, 2 × 105, 5 × 105 spores ml-1) were investigated on disease rate of 20 genotypes. Results showed that disease scale and its severity were affected by spore concentration, virulence severity of isolates and chickpea genotypes and there was significant difference between genotypes, isolates and spore concentrations. The disease severity increased with spore concentration from 2 × 105 to 5 × 105 spores ml-1 for resistant lines including, ILC 202, ILC72, ILC3279, ICC3996 and ICC12004, while the susceptible lines were affected by all of the conidial concentrations. The chickpea differential lines including ILC202, ILC72, ILC3279, ICC3996 and ICC12004 were resistant to all of the conidial concentrations of A3 (moderately virulent) while were susceptible to 2 × 105 spores ml-1 of A6 (highly virulent). The spore concentration of 2 × 105 spores ml-1 with A3 isolate developed the most discrimination between chickpea genotypes on the basis of mean disease scale. The obtained information can be used in breeding programs of chickpea and pathogenic diversity studies.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Differential lines
  • Bivenij
  • Virulence
  • Disease scale
  • Resistance

مراجع

References
 
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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 10، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 63-71

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 تیر 1400

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