مهار بیماری پوسیدگی نرم سیب‌زمینی با کاربرد سیلیکون، نانو ذرات سیلیکون و باکتری آنتاگونیست Bacillus methylotrophicus در شرایط گلخانه‎ ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.

2 گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.

چکیده

چکیده
در این پژوهش تاثیر باکتری آنتاگونیست Bacillus methylotrophicus در مهار زیستی باکتری Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorumعامل بیماری پوسیدگی نرم سیب ‎ز‎مینی و همچنین تاثیر مواد القا کننده مقاومت سیستمیک اکتسابی شامل سیلیکون و نانوذرات سیلیکون بر هر دو باکتری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ‎ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمون‌های حلقه‌‌های کاغذی و نشت در چاهک، سیلیکون و نانوذرات سیلیکون هیچ نوع هاله بازداری علیه این دو باکتری ایجاد نکردند اما باکتری آنتاگونیست B. methylotrophicus در هر دو آزمون و همچنین آزمون کلروفرم توانست هاله‌ بازداری از رشد باکتری بیمارگر به‎ ترتیب به شعاع 9، 5/8 و 15میلی‌متر را ایجاد کند. پس از گذشت 6 و 10 ساعت از کشت در محیط مایع، نانوذرات سیلیکون، جمعیت هر دو باکتری بیمارگر و آنتاگونیست را اندکی کاهش داد اما پس از گذشت 24 ساعت، تفاوت آنها با شاهد معنی‌دار نبود. سیلیکون در محیط کشت مایع نتوانست از رشد هیچ‌کدام از باکتری‎ها ممانعت کند. در شرایط گلخانه ‎ای، تیمارهای سیلیکون و نانو ذرات سیلیکون و نیز باکتری آنتاگونیست، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام‎ های هوایی را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد مثبت به­ طور معنی‎ داری افزایش دادند و بیشترین تاثیر، درتیمارهای ترکیبی سیلیکون یا نانوذرات سیلیکون با باکتری آنتاگونیست مشاهده شد. تمامی تیمارها در مقایسه با شاهد آلوده توانستند پوسیدگی نرم را در گیاهان سیب ‌زمینی به‌طور کامل مهار کنند و هیچ علائمی از بیماری در آنها مشاهده نگردید، در حالیکه در تیمار‌های شاهد، تمامی غده‎های کشت شده، نشانه‌های لهیدگی و پوسیدگی را بروز داده و از بین رفتند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Control of potato soft rot disease using silicon, silicon nanoparticles and antagonistic bacterium Bacillus methylotrophicus at glasshouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Viani 1
  • Parvaneh Joorabbaf 1
  • Naser Aliasgharzad 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz.
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In this research, the effect of Bacillus methylotrophicus in biological control of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, the causal agent of potato soft rot disease, as well as the effects of silicon and silicon nanoparticles, the two systemic acquired resistance inducing compounds, against both pathogenic and antagonistic bacteria was evaluated in laboratory and glasshouse conditions. In the disc diffusion and well diffusion assays, silicon and silicon nanoparticles did not produce any inhibitory zone around the tested bacteria, but the antagonistic bacterium, B. methylotrophicus, produced an inhibitory zone of growth in the same and chloroform assays with a radius of 9, 8.5 and 15 millimeters, respectively. Although, silicon nanoparticles slightly reduced populations of both pathogenic and antagonistic bacteria after 6 and 10 hours post culturing in liquid medium, but after 24 hours, the differences between them and control treatment were not significant. Silicon did not inhibit the growth of the tested bacteria in liquid medium. At glasshouse conditions, all treatments of silicon and silicon nanoparticles as well as antagonistic bacterium were significantly increased the fresh and dry root and shoot weight in compare to positive control, but the best result was achieved by combined treatments of silicon or silicon nanoparticles with antagonistic bacterium. All the treatments completely inhibited disease development on potato plants in compare to positive control and no disease symptoms were observed whereas in control treatments all the tubers showed maceration and rotting symptoms and were destroyed.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Biological control
  • Induced resistance
  • Resistance inducer materials
  • Soft rot
  • Systemic acquired resistance
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