تاثیر زمان مصرف حشره کش ها روی جمعیت شته کلم Brevicoryne brassicae و عملکرد کلزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کلزا از دانه های روغنی مهم در جهان می­باشد. شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae ­یکی از آفات مهم و کلیدی کلزا در اغلب مناطق کلزاکاری ایران است. در این مطالعه اثر کنترل شیمیایی شته مومی با حشره­کش­ها در دو مرحله سمپاشی پائیزه و بهاره روی رقم هایولا 401 بررسی شد. بدین منظور آزمایش کارایی سمپاشی‏های پائیزه و بهاره با ترکیبات ایمیداکلوپراید و پریمیکارب به نسبت ‏های یک در هزار و صابون حشره‏ کش پالیزین به نسبت 5/2 درصد در قالب طرح بلوک‏ های کامل تصادفی طی دو سال زراعی 91-1390 و 92-1391 در منطقه آبیک قزوین اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که با توجه به تراکم بالای آفت در منطقه، هم سمپاشی پائیزه و هم بهاره جهت کنترل آفت ضروری می­باشد. سمپاشی پائیزه و تکرار آن در بهار با ایمیداکلوپراید در سال زراعی 1390 در سه، هفت و 15 روز بعد از محلول­پاشی به ترتیب موجب 4/0± 5/99%، 4/2 ± 5/94% و 0/1 ± 4/95% تلفات و در سال زراعی 1391 در سه، هفت و 15 روز بعد از محلول پاشی به ترتیب موجب 5/0± 1/99%، 7/2 ± 9/86% و 5/5 ± 1/93% تلفات شد. تیمار سمپاشی پائیزه و تکرار آن در بهار با ایمیداکلوپراید با 3533 کیلوگرم در هکتار محصول، بیشترین عملکرد را در بین تیمارها داشت. درصد خسارت در تیمارهای سمپاشی­ پائیزه، بهاره و پائیزه - بهاره در صورت عدم مبارزه شته مومی به ترتیب 18/66، 35/69 و 78 درصد بر آورد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of application time of insecticides on cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae population and yield of canola crop

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ail Akbar Keyhanian
  • Golmohammadi Golam Reza
  • Ali Mohammadipour
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Canola is an important oilseed crop in the world. Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae is one of the most important pests of canola crop in Iran. In this study, the effect of chemical control of cabbage aphid was investigated in autumn and spring on Hyola 401 cultivar. For this purpose, spring and autumn sprayings with imidacloprid and pirimicarb at 1/1000 concentrations and insecticidal soap at 2.5% concentration were assessed using a randomized complete block design. The experiments were conducted during two growing seasons, 2011 and 2012 in Qazvin province. The results showed that, both autumn and spring spraying is necessary for pest control. Autumn and spring sprayings with imidacloprid caused 99.5 ± 0.4%, 94.5 ± 2.4% and 95.4.1 ± 1.0% mortality in 2011 and 99.1 ± 0.5, 86.9 ± 2.7 and 93.1 ± 5.5% mortality in 2012, three, seven and 15 days after treatment, respectively. Highest yield achieved at imidacloprid treatment and was 3533.00 kg/ ha. If not controlled, the damage would be 66.18, 69.35 and 78.0% at spring, autumn and spring-autumn treated plots.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Cabbage aphid
  • Canola
  • Imidacloprid
  • Palizin
  • Pirimicarb
  • Aphid losses
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