مقایسه دفعات کاربرد قارچ‌کش‌های توپاس®، استروبی® و بلکیوت® در مدیریت بیماری سفیدک سطحی مو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.

2 بخش تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهان، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

3 بخش تحقیقات جنگل ومرتع مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

سفیدک سطحی یکی از مهم ­ترین بیماری­ های مو در ایران و جهان است که خسارت فراوانی به این محصول وارد می‌کند. معمول ­ترین روش مدیریت سفیدک سطحی مو استفاده از قارچ­ کش­ های شیمیایی است. با توجه به اثرات منفی مصرف آفت­ کش ­های شیمیایی و ضرورت کاهش مصرف آن­ها در مدیریت بیماری­ های گیاهی، این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی اثر دو و سه نوبت محلول­ پاشی و امکان کاهش دفعات کاربرد قارچ­ کش­ های توپاس®، استروبی® و بلکیوت® در مدیریت سفیدک سطحی مو در سه استان آذربایجان­ غربی، فارس و خراسان ­رضوی انجام شد. نتایج ارزیابی‌ها نشان داد که دفعات کاربرد، در هیچ ­یک از قارچ­ کش­ های استفاده شده، تاثیر معنی‌داری در کاهش شدت و وقوع بیماری در برگ ­ها و خوشه ­های انگور در استان آذربایجان­ غربی و فارس نداشته است. در استان خراسان­ رضوی به جز قارچ‌کش توپاس®، دفعات محلول ­پاشی تفاوت معنی ­داری در کاهش شدت و وقوع بیماری در برگ ­ها و خوشه­ ها هنگام استفاده از دو قارچ ­کش ­دیگر ایجاد نکرد. در این استان سه نوبت محلول­ پاشی با توپاس® در مقایسه با دو نوبت محلول پاشی با این قارچ ­کش موجب افزایش کارآیی آن در کاهش شدت بیماری به میزان حدود 18% و 12% درصد به ترتیب در برگ‌ها و خوشه‌ها شد. در مجموع و با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش در سه استان آذربایجان‌غربی، فارس و خراسان‌رضوی، دو نوبت محلول‌پاشی با توپاس®، استروبی® و بلکیوت® در شرایط اجرای آزمایش کنترل مناسبی از سفیدک سطحی مو نشان داد و می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک رویکرد کاهنده مصرف سم مدنظر قرار گیرد؛ با این وجود، برای ارائه توصیه قطعی، انجام آزمایش‌های تکمیلی در مناطق و سال‌های دیگر ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of application frequencies of the fungicides Topas®, Stroby®, and Belkute® in the management of grapevine powdery mildew

نویسندگان [English]

  • Banafsheh Safaiefarahani 1
  • Hossein Khabaz Jolfaee 2
  • Siamak Hanifeh 3
  • Mahmudreza Karimi Shari 4
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Plant Pathology Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran.
3 Forests and Rangelands Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
4 Department of Plant Protection, North Khorasan Center for Research of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Powdery mildew is one of the most important diseases of grapevine in Iran and worldwide, causing substantial crop losses. The most common approach to manage grapevine powdery mildew is the use of chemical fungicides. Given the adverse effects associated with the use of chemical pesticides and the need to reduce their application in the management of plant diseases, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two- and three-spray treatments and the possibility of reducing the number of applications of Topas®, Stroby®, and Belkyot® fungicides for managing grapevine powdery mildew in three provinces including West Azerbaijan, Fars, and Khorasan Razavi. The results showed application frequency had no significant effect on reducing disease severity and incidence on leaves and grape clusters in West Azerbaijan and Fars for any of the fungicides used. In Khorasan Razavi, except for Topas®, the number of applications did not result in significant differences in reducing disease severity and incidence on leaves and clusters when the other two fungicides were used. In this province, three applications of Topas® compared with two applications increased its efficacy in reducing disease severity by about 18% and 12% on leaves and clusters, respectively. Overall, based on the results obtained in West Azerbaijan, Fars, and Khorasan Razavi, two applications of Topas®, Stroby®, and Belkyot® under the experimental conditions provided satisfactory control of grapevine powdery mildew and can be considered as an approach to reduce pesticide use; however, to make a definitive recommendation, further experiments in other regions and years are necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical control
  • Erysiphe necator
  • Fungicide efficacy
  • Grapevine
  • Spraying

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پژوهش‌های کاربردی در گیاه‌پزشکی
دوره 15، شماره 2
تیر 1405
صفحه 137-146

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 تیر 1405

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