شناسایی جهش مرتبط با مقاومت به حشره‌کش‌های فسفره در جمعیت‌های سوسک برگ‌خوار سیب‌زمینیLeptinotarsa decemlineata از نواحی شمال‌غربی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه گیاه‎پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

سوسک برگ‌خوار سیب‌زمینی Leptinotarsa decemlineata، یک ابر- آفت جهانی با توانایی مقاومت بالا و سریع به تمامی گروه‌های اصلی ترکیبات آفت‌کش است. پایش دائمی تغییرات ایجاد شده در فراوانی جهش‌های خاص همانند جهش S291G در جمعیت‌های آفت، ضرورتی اجتناب‌ناپذیر در مدیریت مؤثر مقاومت به آفت‌کش‌ها شناخته می‌شود. با توجه به نقش ثابت شده و تأثیرگذار جهش سرین به گلایسین (S291G) در کاهش حساسیت آنزیم استیل‌کولین‌استراز به آفت‌کش‌های ارگانوفسفره، در بررسی حاضر فراوانی جایگزینی سرین به گلایسین در جمعیت‌های مزرعه‌ای شهرستان‌های اردبیل، نقده، بستان آباد و زنجان به‌عنوان راه میان‌برِ پایش ماهیت مقاومت به آفت‌کش‌های فسفره در جمعیت‌های L. decemlineata بررسی گردید. بر اساس نتایج این بررسی، تمامی افراد سویه حساس برای آلل حساسِ ژن ace، خالص گزارش شد. در مجموعِ چهار جمعیت، جهش S291G در 25/61 درصد از افراد ردیابی شد، 75/23 درصد حشرات بالغ برای جهش S291G در آلل مقاوم ace، خالص و 5/37 درصد نیز ناخالص تشخیص داده شد. بیشترین و کمترین درصد فراوانی جهش، به‌ترتیب برای جمعیت‌های اردبیل (70 درصد) و بستان‌آباد (55 درصد) به ثبت رسید. نظر به درصد فراوانی و درصد خلوص جهش S291G در جمعیت‌ها و با در نظر گرفتن امکان مقاومت تقاطعی آفت‌کش‌های فسفره با دیگر گروه‌های آفت‌کش، در شرایط حاضر تکیه بر استفاده از این گروه از ترکیبات آفت‌کش و یا دیگر گروه‌های آفت‌کش با روش تأثیر مشابه، می‌تواند چالش برانگیز بوده و آینده کنترل این آفت در مناطق موردنظر را با مشکلات جدی مواجه سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of a point mutation associated with organophosphorus insecticide resistance in Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations from northwestern Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Maryam Malekmohammadi
Department of Plant Protection, Agriculture Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) stands out as one of the most problematic agricultural pests worldwide, largely due to its extraordinary capacity to rapidly acquire resistance to diverse classes of insecticides. Although a wide array of genetic variations may arise in essential target-site genes such as acetylcholinesterase, only a limited number of these alterations play a direct role in conferring insecticide resistance. Monitoring the distribution and frequency of well-characterized mutations, including the S291G substitution, is therefore a critical element of resistance surveillance programs. The replacement of serine with glycine at position 291 of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme has been demonstrated to markedly diminish enzyme susceptibility to organophosphate compounds. Building on this knowledge, the present investigation evaluated the prevalence of the S291G mutation in L. decemlineata populations collected from Ardabil, Naqadeh, Bostanabad, and Zanjan using this mutation as a molecular proxy for assessing organophosphate resistance. Molecular analyses confirmed that individuals from the susceptible laboratory strain exclusively possessed the wild-type ace genotype. In contrast, examination of field populations revealed that 61.25% of sampled individuals carried the S291G mutation, with 23.75% exhibiting homozygosity for the resistant allele and 37.5% displaying heterozygous genotypes. Considerable geographic variation was observed, as mutation frequencies ranged from a maximum of 70% in the Ardabil population to a minimum of 55% in Bostanabad. The high prevalence and purity of the S291G mutation, along with potential cross-resistance to organophosphates and related insecticides, threaten the future efficacy of current pest control strategies, underscoring the need for diversified and integrated management approaches.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acetylcholinesterase
  • Insecticide resistance
  • Leptinotarsa decemlineata
  • PCR-RFLP
  • S291G Substitution
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