انتقال دو ژن غیراختصاصی Yr18 و Yr29 القا کننده مقاومت در برابر زنگ زرد به لاین گندم متحمل به خشکی مشتق از رقم کل‌حیدری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین تهدیدهای زیستی گندم (Triticum aestivum)، بیماری زنگ زرد است که توسط قارچ Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ایجاد می‌شود. برای مدیریت این بیماری و تضمین دوام عملکرد گندم، راهبرد بنیادی بر شناسایی و به‌کارگیری مؤثر ژن‌های مقاومت به این بیماری در گندم متمرکز است. با در نظر گرفتن شرایط غالب کم‌آبی در ایران و اهمیت تحمل به تنش خشکی، پژوهش حاضر بر روی یک لاین ایزوژن نزدیک به‌دست آمده از گندم رقم کل‌حیدری، که یک رقم زمستانه و مقاوم به خشکی در غرب کشور است، متمرکز گردید. هدف اصلی، تقویت مقاومت این لاین در برابر بیماری از طریق انتقال دو ژن مقاومت Yr18 و Yr29 به‌ترتیب از طریق والدهای بخشندۀ استاندارد Lalbahadur/Pavon و Opata 85 با استفاده از روش تلاقی برگشتی به کمک نشانگرهای مولکولی و هرمی‌سازی ژن‌های مذکور بود. به منظور تسهیل فرآیند انتخاب و افزایش دقت و امکان ردیابی هم‌زمان آلل‌های هدف، از نشانگرهای مولکولی اختصاصی استفاده شد. براساس نتایج آزمایش‌های مولکولی، الگوی وراثتی هم‌بارزی در ژن‌های منتقل‌شده، امکان تفکیک واضح ژنوتیپ‌های هموزیگوت حساس، هتروزیگوت و هموزیگوت مقاوم را در جمعیت‌های اصلاحی فراهم آورد. در ارزیابی نهایی، انتقال دو ژن Yr18 و Yr29 به لاین جدید گندم به‌دست آمده از رقم کل‌حیدری تأیید گردید. این یافته، کاربرد نشانگرهای مولکولی را به عنوان ابزاری مهم در تسریع و موفقیت انتقال صفات مطلوب به گندم در پروژه‌های به‌نژادی به اثبات می‌رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Transfer of two non-specific genes, Yr18 and Yr29, inducing yellow rust resistance to a drought-tolerant wheat line derived from the Kalheydari

نویسندگان [English]

  • shahrzad foroodi safat
  • soraya pourtabrizi
  • Ali Kazemi pour
  • Roohollah Abdolshahi
Deparment of Plant Productin and Genetic.Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most significant biological threats to wheat (Triticum aestivum) is yellow rust disease, caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. To manage this disease and ensure the sustainability of wheat yield, the fundamental strategy focuses on identifying and effectively utilizing resistance genes against this disease in wheat. Considering the prevailing drought conditions in Iran and the importance of drought tolerance, the current research focused on a near-isogenic line derived from the Kalheydari wheat cultivar, a winter variety and drought-tolerant variety in western Iran. The main objective was to enhance the resistance of this line against the disease through the transfer of two resistance genes, Yr18 and Yr29, respectively from the standard donor parents Lalbahadur/Pavon and Opata 85, using the backcrossing method with the aid of molecular markers and gene pyramiding. To facilitate the selection process and increase the accuracy and possibility of simultaneous tracking of target alleles, specific molecular markers were used. Based on molecular experimental results, the co-dominant inheritance pattern of the transferred genes allowed for clear differentiation of homozygous susceptible, heterozygous, and homozygous resistant genotypes in the breeding populations. In the final evaluation, the transfer of the two genes Yr18 and Yr29 into the new wheat line derived from the Kalheydari cultivar was confirmed. This finding demonstrates the utility of molecular markers as an important tool in accelerating and successfully transferring desirable traits to wheat in breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Co-dominant Inheritance
  • Marker-Assisted Backcrossing
  • Near-Isogenic Line
  • Water-deficit
  • Yellow rust
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