Evaluation of Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae against Green Peach Aphid

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Researcher, Department of Applied Microbiology, Tehran Branch of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR),

2 Former MSc Student, Shahid Beheshti University.

3 Instructor Department of Applied Microbiology, Tehran Branch of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR),


Abbott WS, 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology. 18: 265-267.
Abedi A, and Dayer MS, 2005. Evaluation of the effect of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae,as a biological control agent, on German cockroaches Blattella germanica. Modares Journal of Medical Sciences: Pathobiology 8(1): 31-36.
Burges HD, 1998. Formulation of microbial biopesticides: Beneficial microorganisms, nematodes, and seed treatments. Springer Science & Business Media.
Butt TM, Jackson C and Magan N, 2001. Fungi as biocontrol agents: Progress problems and potential, CABI.
Cheraghi A, Habibpour B, Mossadegh MS and Sharififard M, 2012. "Horizontal Transmission of the entomopathogen fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in Microcerotermes diversus Groups." Insects 3(3): 709-718.
Chet I and Inbar J, 1994. Biological control of fungal pathogens. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 48(1): 37-43.
defaria MR and Wraight SP, 2007. Mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides: a comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types. Biological Control 43(3): 237-256.
Fagade O, Balogun S and Lomer C, 2005. Microbial control of caged population of Zonocerus variegatus using Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium sp. African Journal of Biotechnology 4(1): 113-116.
Foster S, Denholm I and Devonshire A, 2000. The ups and downs of insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae) in the UK. Crop Protection 19(8): 873-879.
Gao L, Sun MH, Liu XZ and Che YS, 2007. Effects of carbon concentration and carbon to nitrogen ratio on the growth and sporulation of several biocontrol fungi. Mycological research 111(1): 87-92.
Howarth FG, 1991. Environmental impacts of classical biological control. Annual Review of Entomology 36(1): 485-509.
Ibrahim L, Butt T, Beckett A and Clark S, 1999. The germination of oil-formulated conidia of the insect pathogen, Metarhizium anisopliae. Mycological Research 103(07): 901-907.
Kaakeh W, Reid BL, Bohnert TJ and Bennett GW, 1997. Toxicity of imidacloprid in the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae), and the synergism between imidacloprid and Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect Fungi: Hyphomycetes). Journal of Economic Entomology 90(2): 473-482.
Khan M and Khalil S, 1990. Biological control of aphid with a entomopathogenic fungus. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 11(3): 174-177.
Krauss U, Hidalgo E, Arroyo C and Piper S, 2004. Interaction between the entomopathogens Beauveria bassianaMetarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and the mycoparasites Clonostachys spp., Trichoderma harzianum and Lecanicillium lecanii. Biocontrol Science and Technology 14(4): 331-346.
Liu S, Lin S and Shiau J, 1989. Microbial control of coconut leaf beetle (Brontispa longissima) with green muscardine fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 53(3): 307-314.
Petlamul W and Prasertsan P, 2012. Evaluation of strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana against Spodoptera litura on the basis of their virulence, germination rate, conidia production, radial growth and enzyme activity. Mycobiology 40(2): 111-116.
Salari E, Kamal A and Reza ZD, 2012. "Comparison effect of ethanolic seed extract of Melia Azedarach L.‎‎(Meliaceae) against two Aphid species." Journal of Herbal Drugs (An International Journal on Medicinal Herbs) 2 (4): 223-228.‏
Shan L and Feng M, 2006. Comparative susceptibility of Myzus persicae to 16 strains of Metarhizium spp. from different host insects and geographic regions. Wei sheng wu xue bao Acta microbiologica Sinica 46(4): 602-607.
Van Emden  HF and Harrington R, 2007. Aphids as Crop Pests, CAB International.
Van Lenteren J, Babendreier D, Bigler F, Burgio G, Hokkanen H, Kuske S, Loomans A, Menzler-Hokkanen I, Van Rijn P and Thomas M, 2003. Environmental risk assessment of exotic natural enemies used in inundative biological control. BioControl 48(1): 3-38.
Vega FE, Goettel MS, Blackwell M, Chandler D, Jackson MA, Keller S, Koike M, Maniania NK, Monzon A and Ownley BH, 2009. Fungal entomopathogens: new insights on their ecology. Fungal Ecology 2(4): 149-159.