Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape
1
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2
Allameh Tabatabaei Brilliant Talents High School, Bonab, Iran
10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
Abstract
The gray mold disease of grapes, caused by the Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most important grape diseases, leading to substantial economic losses annually. Today, synthetic chemical pesticides are widely used to control plant pathogens. However, their use is often limited due to environmental issues, pesticide residues, health concerns, and the emergence of resistant pathogen strains. Therefore, in the present study, to find safe alternatives to synthetic chemical compounds, the antifungal activity of essential oils from several plant species, including oregano, cumin, eucalyptus, and copper oxide nanoparticles, together with the fungicides Luna (Trifloxystrobin+Fluopyram) and Topas (Penconazole), was investigated against B. cinerea under in vitro conditions. The identification of the components of the essential oils was performed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that oregano essential oil at a concentration of 1000 ppm exhibited the highest inhibition rate (71.42%), while the Luna fungicide at a concentration of 62.5 ppm showed the lowest inhibition rate (1.7%). Additionally, GC-MS analysis revealed that α-Pinene, Pulegone, and β-Pinene were the major constituents of the essential oils of eucalyptus, oregano, and cumin, respectively. Based on the results of this study and similar research, it can be concluded that the application of oregano and cumin essential oils is effective in controlling B. cinerea and can be considered potential substitutes for chemical fungicides in inhibiting the growth of B. cinerea. However, to utilize these essential oils for controlling plant pathogens, more comprehensive studies are necessary.
Narmani, A. , Mahdizadeh, Z. , Akbari, A. H. , Setareh, F. , Yazdani, A. , Koofei, M. , Arzanlou, M. and Hatef Heris, H. (2025). Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, (), 1-12. doi: 10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
MLA
Narmani, A. , , Mahdizadeh, Z. , , Akbari, A. H. , , Setareh, F. , , Yazdani, A. , , Koofei, M. , , Arzanlou, M. , and Hatef Heris, H. . "Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape", Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, , , 2025, 1-12. doi: 10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
HARVARD
Narmani, A., Mahdizadeh, Z., Akbari, A. H., Setareh, F., Yazdani, A., Koofei, M., Arzanlou, M., Hatef Heris, H. (2025). 'Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape', Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, (), pp. 1-12. doi: 10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
CHICAGO
A. Narmani , Z. Mahdizadeh , A. H. Akbari , F. Setareh , A. Yazdani , M. Koofei , M. Arzanlou and H. Hatef Heris, "Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape," Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, (2025): 1-12, doi: 10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
VANCOUVER
Narmani, A., Mahdizadeh, Z., Akbari, A. H., Setareh, F., Yazdani, A., Koofei, M., Arzanlou, M., Hatef Heris, H. Evaluation of the antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles and essential oils of oregano, cumin and eucalyptus against the causative agent of gray mold disease of grape. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, 2025; (): 1-12. doi: 10.22034/arpp.2025.20878
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