Transmission of plant pathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens from bean seed to seedling and the disease incidence in the field

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran.

2 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Seed-borne diseases have important effects on diseases epidemic and emergencing of new diseases. In the present study, the contamination of seed samples from different bean cultivars harvested from different regions of the Iran during 2022 to 2024, were monitored and the transmission of two seed-borne bacteria Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli (Xpp) and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) in daughter plants and also in the next generation field were assessed. Disease surveys were done in different growth stages via visual field inspection. The pathogenes were detected in some of seed samples using culture method and specific PCR. The highest rate of infection with both disease agents was recorded in Yaghout and Dadfar cultivars from Lorestan and Markazi provinces, respectively. Investigation of the pathogen transmission from seed to plant under controlled greenhouse conditions by using specific PCR with primers p7X4c, p7X4c (for Xpp) and CffFOR2, CffREV4 (for Cff), showed the epiphytic and endophytic development of Xpp and Cff in different tissues of the plant including root, leaf, stem and seed. Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli and Cff had successful establishment in the vascular tissue of host plant and cause developed systemic infection. Study of the disease transmission rate in the natural conditions in the field showed, only less than 50% of infected seeds produced infected plants. Despite the complete transmission of the disease in the controlled conditions in the greenhouse, the transmission rate in the field may be depends on several factors including weather conditions, bacterial population in the seed and plant resistance which needs more studies.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection
Volume 14, Issue 2
July 2025
Pages 177-187

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 October 2024
  • Revise Date: 19 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 26 January 2025

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