Powdery mildew disease forecasting for apple orchards based on Internet of Things technology

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Smart Agricultural Research department, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

2 Plant Diseases Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Apple powdery mildew disease is one of the most important apple diseases which reduce crop yield and quality. Forecasting is one of the basic measures to control this disease. The aim of this research was to forecast powdery mildew disease in apple orchard based on Internet of Things technology and to investigate the possibility of controlling the disease based on smart solutions of this technology with on-line monitoring of environmental data. To this end, the architecture of the Internet of Things was considered as four layers including perception layer, transport layer, processing layer, and application layer. Environmental data in an apple orchard located in Tehran province (Damavand city) was collected on-line with wireless temperature and humidity sensors and sent to gateway through LoRa radio protocol. To determine forecasting algorithms of powdery mildew in the system, a field experiment was conducted in the form of randomized complete block design with seven treatments and each treatment in four replications. The results showed that treatment 1 in which trees were sprayed three times based on the environmental data (first spraying: at 10ºC and 70% humidity, second spraying: at 15ºC and 70% humidity, third spraying: at 20ºC and 50% humidity) had the lowest percentage of disease severity and incidence in terms of numerical value. Then, the lowest percentage of severity and incidence of the disease was related to treatment four with two sprayings (first spraying: at 10ºC and 70% humidity, second spraying: at 20ºC and 50% humidity). The efficiency of treatments one and four for controlling the severity of the disease was 79.64% and 76.42%, respectively. To reduce the consumption of pesticides and its adverse effects on the health of consumers and the environment, these two spraying times were considered as the forecasting algorithm of powdery mildew disease in the designed system. The use of this system can help to effectively control powdery mildew disease in apple orchards and will lead to an increase in yield and the production of better-quality apples.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection
Volume 13, Issue 4
2025
Pages 347-358

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 January 2024
  • Revise Date: 05 April 2024
  • Accept Date: 05 May 2024

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