Identification and Pathogenicity of Fungi Causing Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Leaf Spot Disease in East Azerbaijan Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Fomer MSc Student, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz.

2 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz.

Abstract

Abstract
Leaf spot disease is known as one of the limiting factors in cucumber cultivation  in east Azarbaijan province and causes major damages on the crop yield annually. Purpose of the current study was to monitor leaf spot disease of cucumber in East Azerbaijan province and identify the pathogenic fungal species using morphological data. To this purpose, sampling was carried out during summer 2013 from main cucumber production areas of Shabestar, Ahar, Myianeh and Basmenj regians. During this research, a total of 90 samples were collected and 100 fungal isolates were isolated from infected samples that had various symptoms of leaf spot. Results of the present study confirmed that the leaf spot symptoms were caused by different fungal species in the provincial farms. By morphological study and investigation of macroscopic and microscopic features, the fungal species of Stemphyliummali, Ulocladiumatrum, Cladosporiumsp., Nigrosporaoryzae, Bipolarissorkiniana, Phomasp., Pseudoprenosporacubensis, Bipolarisspicifera, Curvulariasp., Alternariatenuissima were identified as the causal agent of cucumber leaf spot disease. Among the identified species, isolates of Alternaria tenuissima and Pseudoprenospora cubensis were more frequent than others with 48% and 13% isolation frequencies, respectively.
 

Keywords

References

آمارنامه زراعی. 1384 . سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خوزستان، واحد آمار و اطلاعات.
آمارنامه کشاورزی. 90-89. جلد اول. محصولات زراعی.
احمدپورع، حیدریان ز و کرمی س، 1391. معرفی گونه­های جدید از جنسهای Bipolaris و Curvularia روی گندمیان ایران. رستنیها. (1)13. 82-69.
اسکندری ف، 1343. بیماری­های گیاهی در استان­های شمالی. مجله بیماری های­گیاهی، جلد اول، شماره پنجم. صفحات 15-9
اعتباریان ح، 1376. بیماری­های صیفی و سبزی و روش مبارزه با آنها. انتشارات و چاپ دانشگاه تهران.
جلالی ص، نعمت­الهی م و فرهادی ع. 1371. تاثیر تاریخ کاشت و خاک‌پوش‌های پلی­اتیلن در شرایط نیم تونل بر درصد و شدت آلودگی بیماری سفیدک داخلی خیار در اصفهان. مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان.
رنجبر ع، شهریاری د و رافضی ر. 1387.ارزیابی مقاومت ژرم­پلاسم خیار به بیماری سفیدک درونی کدوییان Pseudoperonospora cubensis. مجله حفاظت گیاهان. جلد 22. شماره 2.
طاهری­اردستانی س، شریف­نبی ب و زارع ر و عباسی­مقدم الف. 1388. گونه­های جدید Alternaria همراه با لکه برگی سیب­زمینی در مناطق مختلف کشت سیب زمینی ایران. بیماری­های گیاهی. جلد 45 شماره 4 صفحات 308-301.
Amand PC, and Phatak TC, 1991. Crop loss to 14 diseases of cucumber in North Carolina from 1983 to 1988. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative.14: 15-17.
Aslan J, 2010. Alternaria diseases of vegetable crops and new approaches for its control. Biology 1(3): 681-69.
Beh  L, 1948. Histologischeuntersuchungenankraetzekrankengurken(Cucumis sativus L.) unterbesondererberuchsichtigung des Kranksheitsverlaufes der Kraetze (Cladosporium cucumerinum Ell.EtArth.)anFruchten. Phytopathology 15: 92-123.
Bhargava AK, and Singh RD, 1985.Comparative study of Alternaria blight, losses and causal organisms of cucurbits in rajasthan. Plant Pathology 15: 150-154.
Cohen Y, and Rotem J, 1987. Sporulation of foliar pathogens.Pp: 314-333 In: Pegg, GF and Ayres,P G Fungal infection of Plants. (Eds) Cambridge University Press.
Ershad D. 2009. Fungi of Iran.3rd edition. Iranian Research Institution of Plant Protection, 531 pp.
Fukushima T,  Tanaka M, Gohbara M and Fujimois, T. 1998. Phytotoxicity of three lactones from Nigrospora sacchari. Phytochemistry. 48: 625-630.
Greene HC. 1964. Notes on parasitic fungi XXX”. Trans Wisconsin Academic Science. 53: 177-196.
Keinath AP, Farnham MW and Zitter TA, 1995. Morphological, pathological, and gentic differentiation of Didymella bryoniae and Phoma spp. isolated from cucurbites. The American Phytopatholigical Society.
Kou LP,  Gaskins VL, Luo Y G, and Jarick II, WM, 2014. First report of Alternaria tenuissima causing post harvest decay on apple fruit from cold storage in the United States. Plant diseases. 98: 5.
Lebeda A, and Urban J. 2007. Temporal changes in pathogenicity and fungicide resistance in  Pseudoperonospora cubensis populations. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 731:327–336.
Lenne JM. 1990. World List of Fungal Diseases of Tropical Pasture species. Phytopathology. 31: 1-162
Mamgain A, Roychowdhury  R, and Tah  J, 2013. Alternaria pathogenicity and its strategic controls. Biology. 1: 1-9.
Mason E V, 1927. Nigrospora sphaerica .Transactions of the British Mycological Society.12: 158.
Moody MN, and Tschen J,  2012. Cutaneous Curvularia infection of the forearmCutis. 89:65-68.
Ogork R,  Lejman A, and Pusz W, 2012. Characteristics and taxonomy of Cladosporium fungi. Mycologia, 19 (2): 80-85.
Ojiambo S, 2012. Epidemiology of cucurbit Downy Mildew: effects of weather variables on infection parameters and disease severity and source strength relationships. North Carolina State University.
Palti J, and Hernneth R, 1980. Distribution of Downy Mildew Fungi Over the orders, Families and Genera of Higher Plants. Spencer, DM (ed). The Downy Mildew. Academic Press. London. Pp. 110-112.
Qureshi S, Wani SA, and Beg S, 2006. Curvularia dermatomycosis in jersey heifer: A Case Report Pakistan Veterinary Journal 26(3): 149-150.
Shishkoff N and Lorbeer JW, 1989. Etiology of stemphylium leg blight on onion. Phythopathology. 79: 301-304.
Simmons EG, 2007. Alternaria. An identification manual. CBS Biodiversity Series 6. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Simonyan SA. 1981. [Mycoflora of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta in Armenia.]. Hayka. 232 PP.
Sivanesan A, 1987. Graminicolous species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, Drechslera, Exserohilum and their Telemorphs, p: 261. CAB International Mycological Institute, UK.
Thomas CE, 1996. Downy mildew. In: pp. 25-27. Compendium of Cucurbit Diseases. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Thomma B, 2003. Alternaria spp.: From general saprophyte to specific parasite. Molecular Plant Pathology 4 (4): 226-236.
Tsai WH  and Lo CT, 1992.Ecology and control of downy mildew on cucurbits. Plant Protection Bulletin Taipei 34(2): 149-161.
Tunali B, Eskandari FM, Berner DK, Farr DF and Castlebury LA. 2003. First report of leaf blight caused by Phoma exigua on Acroptilon repens in Turkey. Plant Disease 87(12): 1540
Vakalounakis  DJ, and Markakis EA, 2013. First report of Stemphylium solani as the causal agent of a leaf spot on greenhouse cucumber. Plant Disease 2(97): 287-287.
Wang Y, Hong-Bo FU and Nichole NR, 2009. Two new species of Stemphylium from Northwest China. Mycological Progress 8(4): 301-304.
Widmer T. 2002. First report of Phoma exigua on Centaurea solstitialis (Asteraceae) in Russia. Plant Disease 86(8): 922.
Wu  J B, Zhang C L, Mao P P, Qian Y S and Wang H Z, 2014. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Nigrospora oryzae on Dendrobium candidum in China. Plant Disease 98 (7) 996 .
Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection
Volume 6, Issue 1
March 2017
Pages 1-13

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 12 June 2017
  • Accept Date: 12 June 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics