نقش ذخیره سازی میزبان در کیفیت زنبور Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان.

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حشره شناسی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان.

چکیده

چکیده
بیشتر دشمنان طبیعی از قابلیت ذخیره­سازی پایینی برخوردار هستند و به همین دلیل، اغلب آن­ها مدت کوتاهی قبل از رهاسازی پرورش داده می­شوند. در مورد پارازیتوییدها می­توان به جای خود پارازیتویید، میزبان آن­ها را ذخیره­سازی کرد. از آن جایی که ذخیره­سازی تخم­های میزبان، می­تواند منجر به افزایش کارایی واحدهای تولید انبوه زنبوران تریکوگراما شود، این روش توسط محققین مختلف به عنوان یک راهکار مناسب برای پرورش زنبورهای تریکوگراما پیشنهاد شده است. با توجه به اینکه مطالعات بسیار کمی در زمینه اثر دماهای پایین روی فراسنجه­های رشد جمعیت پارازیتوییدها موجود است، لذا در این پژوهش اثر مدت زمان­های مختلف نگهداری (0، 1، 4، 7، 15 و 30 روز) تخم بید سیب­زمینی، Phthorimaeae operculella (Zeller) در دمای 4 درجه سلسیوس روی ویژگی­های زیستی و جمعیتی زنبورTrichogramma brassicae Bezdenko مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 25 تکرار انجام گردید. مقایسه میانگین­ها با استفاده از آزمون دانکن انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که دوره نشو و نمای مراحل نابالغ، طول عمر، درصد پارازیتیسم، درصد خروج و دوره تخم­ریزی زنبور (01/0> P) و زادآوری (05/0> P) بین تیمارها اختلاف معنی­داری داشته و با افزایش مدت زمان ذخیره­سازی، میانگین آن­ها کاهش می­یابد. هم­چنین مشخص شد که تمامی فراسنجه­های رشد جمعیت پایدار زنبور، اختلاف معنی­داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد بین شاهد و تیمارهای سرمایی دارند. با توجه به میانگین نرخ پارازیتیسم، نرخ ظهور حشرات کامل، زادآوری و طول عمر زنبور روی میزبان سرمادیده، می­توان تخم­های بید سیب­زمینی را تا دو هفته در دمای یاد شده نگهداری کرد بدون اینکه تاثیر منفی چندانی روی کارایی زنبور داشته باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Host Storage in the Quality of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahid Vaez 1
  • Davood Mohammadi 1
  • Zahra Pourgholi 2
1 Assistant Professors, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz.
2 Former MSc Student, Department of Plant Protection, Facultuty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz
چکیده [English]

Abstract
      Most natural enemies have low maintenance capabilities so they are often cultivated shortly before release. In the case of parasitoids, their hosts can be stored instead of parasitoids. Since storage of host eggs can increase the efficiency of the mass production units of Trichogramma wasps, this approach has been suggested by various researchers as a suitable method for mass production of Trichogramma species. As regards that there are few studies on the effect of low temperatures on the growth population parameters of parasitoid, so in this study the effect of cold storage of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) eggs at 4°C for 0, 1, 4, 7, 15 and 30 days on biological and population parameters of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko were investigated. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 25 replications. Mean comparisons were performed using Duncan's test. The results showed that developmental time, longevity, parasitism rate, percentage of emergence, fecundity and oviposition period of T. brassicae were significantly different between treatments and the all parameters decreased when the storage period increased. It was also determined that all population growth parameters had a significant difference between the control and cold treatments. Due to the parasitism and adult emergency rate, longevity and fecundity of T. brassicae on stored host, eggs of P. operculella can be stored at 4°C for up to two weeks without significant negative effect on the efficiency of the T. brassicae. However, based on population growth parameters, maintenance of host eggs for up to one week are most recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Potato tuber moth
  • Low temperature
  • Parasitism rate
  • emergency rate
  • Intrinsic rate of natural increase
  • Trichogramma
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