اسماعیلی م، میرکریمی ا و آزمایشفرد پ، 1381. حشرهشناسی کشاورزی. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
بیهمتا م ر، ناصریان ب و زمانی م ج، 1388 . نشانگرهای مولکولی در ژنتیک گیاهی و بیوتکنولوژی. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
صلواتیان م، 1370. لزوم شناسایی عوامل موثر محیط در مبارزه با آفات گیاهان زراعی. انتشارات سازمان ترویج کشاورزی.
Bethenod MT, Thomas Y, Rousset F, Frerot B, Pelozuelol L, Genestier G and Bourguet D, 2005. Genetic isolation between two sympatric host plant races of the European corn borer., Ostrinia nubilalis. II: Assortative mating and host-plant preference for oviposition. Heredity 94: 264–270.
Bontemps A, Bourguet D, Pelozuelo L, Bethenod MT and Ponsard S, 2004. Managing the evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis resistance in natural populations of the European corn borer, Ostrina nubilalis: host plant, host race and phenotype of adult males at aggregation sites. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B) 271: 2179–2185.
Bourguet D, Bethenod MT, Pasteur N, Viard F, 2000. Gene flow in European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis: implications for the sustain ability of transgenic insecticidal maize. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 267: 117-122
Clark PL, Molina-Ochoa J, Martinelli S, Skoda SR, Isenhour DJ, Lee DJ, Krumm JT, Foster JE, 2007. Population variation of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in the Western Hemisphere Journal of Insect Science 7.5: available online at
http://insectscience.org/7.05.
Coates BS and Hellmich RL, 2003. Two sex-linked microsatellite loci show geographic variance among North American Ostrinia nubilalis. Journal of Insect Science 2: 29.
Coates BS, Sumerfored DV, Hellmich RL. 2004. Geographic and voltinism differentiation among North American Ostrinia nubilalis (European corn borer) mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase haplo- types. Journal of Insect Science 4: 35 available online at ht- tp://insectscience.org
Excoffier L, Laval G and Schneider S, 2005. Arlequin (version 3.0): An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evolution Bioinformatics 1:47-50.
Juan A, Crespo MB, Cowan RS, Lexer C, Fay MF, 2004. Patterns of variability and gene flow in Medicago citrina, and endangered en- demic of islands in the western Mediterranean, as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Molecular Ecology13: 2679-2690.
Garcia AF, Benchimol L, Barosa AM, Geraldi IO, Souza CL and Souza AP, 2004. Comparison of RAPD, RFLP, AFLP, and SSR markers for diversity studies in tropical maize inbreed lines. Genetics and Molecular Biology 27: 4.
Gol mohammad zade-Khiaban N, Hejazi MS, Haddad Irani Nejad K and Mohammadi SA, 2010. Genetic variability of geographical populations of the bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctuidae), in West and Northwest in Iran. Munis Entomology & Zoology 5 (2): 670–676.
Keszthelyi S, 2005. Comparison on DNA patterns of different ecotypes of European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) in Hungary. Acta Biologica Hungarica 56: 75–81.
Krumm JT,
Hunt TE,
Skoda SR, Hein GL,
Lee DJ and Clark PL, 2008. Genetic variability of the European corn borer,
Ostrinia nubilalis, suggests gene flow between populations in the Midwestern United States. Journal of Insect Sciences 8 (72): 1–12.
Leniaud L, Audiot P, Bourguet D, Frerot B, Genestier G, Lee SF, Malausa T, LePallec AH, Souqual MC and Ponsard S, 2006. Genetic structure of European and Mediterranean maize borer populations on several wild and cultivated host plants. Entomologia Experimentalis Applicata 120: 51–62.
Malausa T, Bethenod MT, Bontemps A, Bourguet .D, Cornuet JM and Pondard S, 2005. Assortative mating in sympatric host races of the European corn borer. Science 308: 258-260.
Mayr E and Ashlock PD, 1991. Principle Systematic Zoology, McGraw-Hill,Inc.475pp
Menken SBJ and Raijmann LEL, 1996. Biochemical Systematics: principles and perspectives for pest management, The Ecology of Agricultural Pests. PP. In: Symondson W.O. C. and Liddell J. E. (eds.), Published by Chapman & Hall, London,
Mills LS and Allendorf FW, 1996. The one-migrant-per-generation rule in conservation and
management. Conserv. Biol., 10:1509-1518.
Nei M, 1973. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583–590.
Pelozuelo L, Malosse C, Genestier G, Gueneg H and Frerot B, 2004. Host plant specialization in pheromone strains of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis in France. Journal of Chemical Ecology 30: 335–352.
Pelozuelo L, Meusnier S, Audiot P, Bourguet D and Ponsard S, 2007. Assortative mating between European corn borer pheromone races: beyond assortative meeting. Plos One 2 (6): e555.
Ponsard S, Bethenod MT, Bontemps A, Pelozuelo L, Souqual MC and Bourguet D, 2004. Carbon stable isotopes: a tool for studying the mating, oviposition, and spatial distribution of races of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, among host plants in the field. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82: 1–9.
Roderick GK, 1996. Geographic structure of insect populations: gene flow, phylogeograpy, and their uses. Annual Review of Entomology 41: 325-352.
Saldanha LA, 2000. Genetic variation of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Lep.: Crambidae). University of Nebraska – Lincoln.
Schilthuizen M, 2000. Dualism and conflicts in understanding speciation. Bio Essays 22: 1134–1141.
Showers WB, 1993. Diversity and variation of European corn borer populations. In: Evolution of Insect Pests/Patterns of variation .Wiley and Sons Inc. New York, NY. 287–309.
Showers WB, Hellmich RL, Derrick-Robinson ME, Hendrix III WH. 2001. Aggregation and dispersal behavior of marked and released European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) adults. Environ- mental Entomology 30: 700-710.
Thomas Y, Bethenod MT, Pelozuelo L, Frerot B and Bourguet D, 2003. Genetic isolation between two sympatric host plant races of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner. I. Sex pheromone, moth emergence timing, and parasitism. Evolution 57: 261–273.
Timmermans MJTN, Ellers J, Mariën J, Verhoef SC, Ferwerda EB and Van Straalen NM, 2005. Genetic structure in Orchesella cincta Collembola): strong subdivision of European populations inferred from mtDNA and AFLP markers. Molecular Ecology 14: 2017-2024.
Via S, 2001. Sympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling growsup. Trend In Ecology & Evolution 16: 381–390.
Vorgelegt V, 2009. The European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis, its susceptibility to the Bt-toxin Cry1F, its pheromone races and its gene flow in Europe in view of an insect resistance management. PhD thesis, Universitäts professor Alan J. Slusarenko.
Wright S, 1969. Evolution and the genetics of populations. Volume 2: The theory of gene frequencies. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
Zimmermann M, Wahlberg N and Descimon H, 2000. Phylogeny of Euphydryas checker (Lep.: Nymphalidae) spot butterflies based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Annual Entomology Society of America 93: 347-55.