Larvicidal activity of essential oils from Cuminum cyminum and Anethum graveolens against Ephestia kuehniella: toxicity and biochemical assays

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، ایران

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاوری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاوری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

Botanical compounds are increasingly investigated for their potential in pest control. Several botanical compounds, including essential oils (EOs), are recognized to affect the digestion and metabolic processes of insect herbivores. This study examines the effects of plant EOs on mortality, digestive physiology, and storage macromolecules of Ephestia kuehniella. Oral toxicity of Cuminum cyminum and Anethum graveolens EOs were investigated against the fourth instar larvae of E. kuehniella. The LC50 and LT50 values were recorded 13.26 μL/mL and 15.28 h for C. cyminum and 6.15 μL/mL and 8.39 h for A. graveolens, respectively. In the present study, A. graveolens EO at lower concentrations and shorter times caused higher larval mortality. Activities of digestive enzymes, except for lipase, were significantly reduced in the insects fed on treated diet by both EOs. Additionally, the amounts of protein, triacylglycerol, and glycogen as energy reserves were markedly lower in the exposed insects, indicating depletion due to energetic costs imposed by this two EOs. The findings suggest that the A. graveolens EO is more effective than C. cyminum on the E. kuehniella larvae and disrupt critical digestive processes in, which may contribute to their insecticidal properties. However, further studies are needed to expand advanced plant derivative compounds-based encapsulation techniques to increase the stability, and efficacy.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

فعالیت لاروکشی اسانس‌های زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum) و شوید (Anethum graveolens) علیه بید آرد Ephestia kuehniella: سنجش‌های سمیت و بیوشیمیایی

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Shahriari 1
  • Najmeh Sahebzadeh 2
  • Arash Zibaee 3
  • Mansoor Sarani 1
  • Najmeh Mollashahi 1
1 Department of Plant Protection Research, Sistan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zabol, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

ترکیبات گیاهی به دلیل پتانسیل‌شان در کنترل آفات، به طور فزاینده‌ای مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرند. برخی ترکیبات گیاهی، از قبیل اسانس‌ها، بر هضم و فرآیندهای متابولیکی حشرات گیاهخوار تأثیر می‌گذارند. در پژوهش حاضر اثرات اسانس‌های گیاهی بر مرگ و میر، فیزیولوژی گوارشی و ماکرومولکول‌های ذخیره‌ای Ephestia kuehniella Zeller  بررسی شد. سمیت گوارشی اسانس‌های زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum) و شوید (Anethum graveolens) علیه لاروهای سن چهارم بید آرد ارزیابی شد. مقادیر LC50 و LT50 به ترتیب 26/13 میکرولیتر بر میلی‌لیتر و 28/15 ساعت برای زیره سبز و 15/6 میکرولیتر بر میلی‌لیتر و 39/8 ساعت برای شوید محاسبه شد. در پژوهش حاضر، اسانس A. graveolens در غلظت‌های پایین‌تر و زمان‌های کوتاه‌تر باعث مرگ و میر بیشتری در لاروها شد. فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی (به جز لیپاز) در حشرات تغذیه شده با رژیم غذایی آغشته شده به هر دو اسانس، به طور قابل توجهی کاهش یافت. علاوه بر این، مقادیر پروتئین، تری آسیل گلیسرول و گلیکوژن (به عنوان ذخایر انرژی حشرات در معرض قرار گرفته) به طور قابل توجهی کمتر بود، که نشان دهنده کاهش این ذخایر به دلیل هزینه‌های انرژی تحمیل شده توسط این دو اسانس است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که اسانس A. graveolens نسبت به C. cyminum روی لاروهای E. kuehniella مؤثرتر است و فرآیندهای حیاتی گوارش را مختل می‌کند، که می‌تواند به خواص حشره‌کشی آنها کمک کند. با این حال، مطالعات بیشتری برای گسترش تکنیک‌های کپسوله کردن ترکیبات مشتق‌شده از گیاهان برای افزایش پایداری و اثربخشی مورد نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • آفت‌کش زیستی
  • زیره
  • شوید
  • هضم
  • Ephestia kuehniell
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