ارزیابی تله‌های چسبی رنگی در جلب سفیدبالک گلخانه‌، Trialeurodes vaporariorum

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه حشره شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، ایران

چکیده

سفیدبالک گلخانه‌ای،Trialeurodes vaporariorum ، از آفات مهم گیاهان گلخانه­ای می­باشد که خسارت اقتصادی قابل توجهی را از راه تغذیه مستقیم از شیره گیاهی و انتقال ویروس­های گیاهی ایجاد می‌‌کند. برای جلوگیری از بروز مشکلات استفاده سموم شیمیایی در محیط گلخانه، نیاز به استفاده از روش‌های غیرشیمایی مانند استفاده از تله‌های چسبی می­باشد. این تحقیق، به منظور ارزیابی کارایی رنگ‌های مختلف و تعیین بهترین طول موج نوری تله چسبی، در مزرعه گوجه‌فرنگی و در شرایط گلخانه‌ای، در سال‌های 1398 الی 1399 اجرا شد. به همین منظور، تعداد چهار آزمایش در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 6 تکرار، جهت ارزیابی 6 رنگ (شامل زرد، نارنجی، سبز، آبی، قرمز و سفید) و نیز ارزیابی سه ارتفاع نصب تله (شامل 30، 80 و 160 سانتی‌متر) اجرا شد. در پایان میانگین شکار روزانه به ازاء هر تله و نیز طول موج نوری تله‌های رنگی برتر، اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که، رنگ‌های نارنجی و زرد، به ترتیب، با میانگین شکار روزانه 66.96 و 65.55 حشره بالغ سفیدبالک گلخانه‌ای به ازاء هر تله، بهترین کارایی را داشتند. بیشترین شکارتله چسبی رنگی، در ارتفاع نصب 160 سانتی‌متری، با میانگین شکار روزانه 115حشره بالغ سفیدبالک گلخانه‌ای به ازاء هر تله بود. نتایج طیف‌سنجی نوری تله‌ها نشان داد که، بالاترین درصد بازتاب طیفی در تله‌های چسبی زرد در طول موج 580 نانومتر و در تله‌چسبی نارنجی در طول موج 600 نانومتر می­باشد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، تله‌ چسبی نارنجی با طول موج نوری حدود 600 نانومتر، بهترین کارایی را در جلب حشره کامل سفیدبالک گلخانه‌ای T. vaporariorumدارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of colored sticky traps to attract greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Samadipour 1
  • Hossein Farazmand 2
  • Alireza Nazari 3
  • Valiollah Baniameri 2
1 Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
چکیده [English]

The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, is an important pest of greenhouse plants. To prevent the problems of using chemical pesticides in the greenhouse environment, it is necessary to use non-chemical methods. This study was carried out to evaluate efficiency of different colors and to determine the best light wavelength of sticky trap on tomato plants in greenhouse, during 2019–2020. Four experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with 6 replications to evaluate the efficiency color of the sticky trap on attraction T. vaporariorum, throughout comparison between six colors (yellow, orange, green, blue, red, and white), and to evaluation efficiency height of the sticky trap on attraction, through comparison between three heights (30, 80, and 160 cm above the ground). Finally, the daily mean of trap capture and the light wavelength of the colored traps were measured. The results showed that, the orange and yellow colors had the best efficiency with the daily mean capture of 66.96 and 65.55 T. vaporariorum per trap, respectively. The most capture of sticky colored traps, was recorded at an installation height of 160 cm, with the daily mean capture of 115 T. vaporariorum per trap. The results of spectral measurement of traps showed that, the maximum wavelength reflectance in yellow and orange sticky traps were 580 and 600 nm, respectively. According to the results of this study, orange sticky traps with a light wavelength of about 600 nm, have the best efficiency in attracting and control of the greenhouse whitefly, T. vaporariorum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Trialeurodes vaporariorum
  • greenhouse whitefly
  • sticky trap
  • color
  • light wavelength

مراجع

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 77-85

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 تیر 1401

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