کاربرد پرایمینگ بذور عدس به صورت آبی، زیستی و با مواد القا کننده مقاومت در مدیریت بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، گلخانه ‎ای و مزرعه ‎ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز.

2 موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
پژمردگی فوزاریومی عدس ناشی از قارچ  Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های این گیاه در مناطق دیم کشور می‌باشد. در این بررسی، تأثیر پرایمینگ بذور عدس با غلظت‌های مختلف مواد القاکننده مقاومت، پرایمینگ زیستی (با باکتری آنتاگونیست Bacillus methylotrophicus)، پرایمینگ آبی و استفاده از قارچ‌کش رورالتیاس در القای مقاومت و کاهش شدت بیماری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، گلخانه‎ ای و مزرعه ای ارزیابی شد. در بررسی‎ های آزمایشگاهی، فقط اسید اگزالیک دو و چهار میلی‎ مولار، باکتری و قارچ‎ کش توانستند از رشد میسیلیومی قارچ عامل بیماری جلوگیری کنند. اغلب تیمارها باعث افزایش معنی‌دار درصد جوانه‌زنی بذور و طول ریشه‌چه در گیاهچه ‎ها شدند. تیمارهای باکتری، پرایمینگ آبی، سیلیکون دو، نانوسیلیکون چهار، متیل سالیسیلات 2/0 و 4/0 و اسیدسالیسیلیک 5/0 میلی‎ مولار، وزن تر و خشک ریشه ‎چه و ساقه‌چه را به طور معنی داری افزایش دادند. در شرایط گلخانه ‎ای، تمامی تیمارهای آزمایشی شدت بیماری را در مقایسه با شاهد به‎ طور معنی‎ داری کاهش دادند و بهترین تأثیر در تیمارهای رورال‎تی‎اس،  B. methylotrophicus، متیل سالیسیلات 1/0 و اسید سالیسیلیک 25/0 میلی ‎مولار مشاهده شد. در شرایط مزرعه ‎ای، کمترین میزان تلفات (28 و 34%) به‎ ترتیب در کاربرد انفرادی نانوسیلیکون یک میلی‎ مولار و متیل سالیسیلات 2/0 میلی‌مولار مشاهده شد در صورتی که در کاربرد تلفیقی مواد القا کننده مقاومت با باکتری آنتاگونیست، تیمارهای نانوسیلیکون در غلظت های یک و دو میلی مولار هر دو با %38 کمترین میزان تلفات را دارا بودند. این پژوهش نشان داد که کاربرد باکتری آنتاگونیست و مواد القا کننده مقاومت در ترکیب با یکدیگر یا به‎ صورت انفرادی، روش مؤثری در کاهش شدت بیماری در گیاه عدس می‎باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of lentil seed priming as hydropriming, biopriming and with resistance inducing materials in management of Fusarium wilt disease under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Viani 1
  • Hamid Reza Pouralibaba 2
  • Sanam Abolfathzadeh 1
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz. Iran.
2 Dryland Agricultural Research Institute; Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Lentil wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis is one of the most important diseases of this plant in dryland areas of the country. In this study, the effect of lentil seed priming with different concentrations of resistance inducing materials, biopriming (with bacterial antagonist Bacillus methylotrophicus), hydropriming and application of fungicide Rovral TS were evaluated for enhance resistance in plants and reduction in disease severity under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions. In the laboratory, oxalic acid 2 and 4 mM, fungicide and the bacterium inhibited the mycelial growth ofpathogen. Most of the treatments increased seed germination and rootlet length significantly. Treatments of Bacillus, hydropriming, silicon 2, silicon nanoparticles 4, methyl salicylate 0.2 and 0.4 and salicylic acid 0.5 mM increased the wet and dry weight of rootlet and plumule significantly. In the greenhouse conditions, all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the disease severity in the plants compared with the control and the best result was achieved using Rovral TS, antagonist, methyl salicylate 0.1 and salicylic acid 0.25 mM, respectively. In the field conditions, the hormones were applied individually or in combination with the antagonistic bacterium. The least percentage of mortality obtained through silicon nanoparticles 1 mM in the individual application, while silicon along with silicon nanoparticles both in 2 and 4 mM were the best in combination form. This study showed that the application of antagonistic bacterium and hormones in combination with eachother or individually is an effective way to decrease disease severity in lentil.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis
  • Lens culinaris
  • Priming
  • Resistance inducers
 
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