کارایی برندهای جدید قارچ‌کش آزوکسی استروبین + دیفنوکونازول در کنترل بیماری سفیدک پودری خیار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

سفیدک پودری با عامل Golovinomyces cichoracearum یکی از بیماری­های مهم خیار است. در این مطالعه تأثیر قارچ‌کش آزوکسی استروبین 20% + دیفنوکونازول 5/12% با نام­های تجاری سفیر®  SC 32.5و دیفوروبین® SC 32.5 در پیش­گیری از این بیماری در استان­ های البرز و تهران بررسی شد. آزمایشات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با نه تیمار و چهار تکرار در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سفیر با دوزهای 5/0، 6/0 و 75/0 درهزار، دیفوروبین با دوزهای 5/0، 75/0 و 1 درهزار، تتراکونازول (دومارک® EC 10%) با دوز 4/0 در هزار به عنوان قارچ­کش آلی مرجع و بیکربنات پتاسیم SP 85% (کالیبان®) با دوز 5 درهزار به عنوان قارچ ­کش معدنی مرجع و نیز شاهد بدون محلول ­پاشی بودند. محلول ­پاشی کرت ­های آزمایشی با مشاهده اولین علائم بیماری آغاز و در چهار نوبت با فاصله 10-5 روز ادامه یافت. ارزیابی کرت­ های آزمایشی قبل از هر نوبت محلول‌پاشی و 12 روز بعد از آخرین محلول ­پاشی به طریق هورسفال و بارات انجام شد. شدت بیماری برای هر بوته انتخابی با استفاده از میانه کلاس­ها تعیین و سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری برای هر کرت محاسبه شد. مقایسه اثربخشی تیمارها نشان داد که قارچ­کش سفیر با دوز 75/0درهزار، قارچ­ کش دیفوروبین با دوزهای 75/0 و 1 درهزار و قارچ­ کش دومارک با دوز 4/0 درهزار حدود 90 درصد سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری را نسبت به شاهد بدون محلول­ پاشی کاهش و در پایین­ترین گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد دوز 75/0 درهزار از قارچ­ کش­ های سفیر و دیفوروبین مناسب‌ترین دوز برای مهار بیماری، با فاصله سم پاشی 14-7 روز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of new brands of Azoxystrobin + Difenoconazole fungicide in the control of cucumber powdery mildew disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Reza Fani 1
  • Hossein Azimi 2
1 Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran
2 2Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cucumber powdery mildew disease which is caused by Golovinomyces cichoracearum, is one of the most important diseases of cucumber in Iran and world. In this study, the efficacy of two new fungicides, Safir® SC 32.5% and Diforobin SC 32.5%, in the control of cucumber powdery mildew disease were evaluated. Experiments were carried out in Alborz and Tehran provinces in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 4 replications under greenhouse conditions. Treatments included 0.5, 0.6 and 0.75 ml/L of Safir®; 0.5, 0.75 and 1 ml/L of Diforobin; 0.4 ml/L of tetraconazol (Domark® EC 10%) and 5 g/L of bicarbonate potassium (Kaliban® SL 85%) along with control without any spraying. Foliar applications of fungicides started once after early symptoms appearance and followed up at 5-10 days intervals. Evaluation of the treated plots were done before each spraying and 12 days after last spraying as the disease severity index (DSI). Disease severity was classified using the Horsfall and Barrat scale. Mid-point of disease severity calculated for each plant. The efficacy comparisons revealed that Safir® 0.75 ml/L, Diforobin® 0.75 and 1 ml/L and Domark® 0.4 ml/L as a standard treatment had the same effects due to statistical points and decreased the Area Under the Disease Curve by the 90% compared to unsprayed check treatment. Based on the results, the fungicides Safir® and Diforobin® may be recommended to be used for registration at 0.75 ml/L for 7 to 14-days intervals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Area Under the Disease Progressive Curve
  • Chemical control
  • Economic loss
  • Greenhouse
  • Foliar disease
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© 2021 Copyright by Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. This is an open access article under the CC BY NC license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/)
 
 
 
 
 
 
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