گزینش ژنوتیپ های متحمل به تنش گل جالیز Orobanche cernua در توتون های شرقی Nicotiana tabacum با استفاده از شاخص های تحمل به تنش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه.

2 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه. استاد، پژوهشکده زیست فناوری دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشیار گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه.

4 استادیار گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه.

چکیده

توتون یکی از مهم‏ترین گیاهان صنعتی و اقتصادی در بسیاری از کشورهای دنیاست که عمدتاً به خاطر برداشت و جمع ­آوریِ برگ ­هایِ آن کشت می­شود. به منظور مطالعۀ پاسخ 92 ژنوتیپ توتون شرقی به تنش گل­ جالیز، آزمایشی در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک ­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار تحت دو شرایط نرمال (بدون تنش گل­ جالیز) و تنش گل ­جالیز در دو سال زراعی 1386 و 1387 انجام شد. نُه شاخص شامل شاخصِ تحمل (TOL)، شاخص تنش نسبی (RSI)، میانگین به ره­وری (MP)، میانگین هارمونیک (HM)، شاخص پایداری عملکرد (YSI)، میانگین هندسی بهره­ وری (GMP)، شاخص حساسیت به تنش (SSI)، شاخصِ تحملِ تنش (STI) و شاخص عملکرد (YI) بر اساس وزن خشک برگ (عملکرد) در شرایط نرمال (Yp ) و تنش گل ­جالیز (Ys) محاسبه شدند. بالاترین میانگین وزن خشک برگ (عملکرد) تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش گل ­جالیز در ژنوتیپ ­های 40، 39 و 24 مشاهده شد. بالاترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار بین وزن خشک برگ (عملکرد) در شرایط نرمال و تنش گل­ جالیز با شاخص‌های MP، HM، GMP، STI وYI  مشاهده شد. با استفاده از روش رتبه­ بندی، ژنوتیپ ­های 40، 10 و 45 به عنوان متحمل­ ترین ژنوتیپ ­ها به تنش گل­جالیز معرفی شدند. براساس نتایج نمودار بای­پلات، ژنوتیپ‌های 40، 39، 24، 19 و 4 به عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های پُرمحصول و متحمل و ژنوتیپ‌های 70، 69، 72، 67، 78، 71 و 8  به عنوان حساس‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها به تنش گل­ جالیز شناسایی شدند. در گروه­ بندی ژنوتیپ ­ها به روش Ward نیز ژنوتیپ­ های با عملکرد بالا و متحمل به تنش گل­ جالیز شامل ژنوتیپ‌های 40، 39، 24، 19 و 4 در یک گروه طبقه‌بندی شدند و ژنوتیپ ­های با عملکردِ پایین در شرایط نرمال و تنش گل­ جالیز و حساس به تنش گل ­جالیز شامل ژنوتیپ‌های 70 و 69 در گروه دیگر قرار گرفتند. با توجه به تنوع بالای مشاهده شده در بین ژنوتیپ­ ها از نظر واکنش به تنش گل­ جالیز، می‌توان از آنها به عنوان والدین مناسب در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی و همچنین تولید جمعیت‌های متنوع جهت شناسایی مکان‌های ژنی کنترل کننده تحمل به تنش گل­ جالیز و بررسی تغییرات بیان ژن‌های مربوط به تحمل تنش گل ­جالیز استفاده نمود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Selection of tolerant genotypes to broomrape Orobanche cernua stress in oriental tobacco Nicotiana tabacum genotypes using stress tolerance indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Tahmasbali 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2
  • Amir Fayaz Moghaddam 3
  • Hadi Alipour 4
1 PhD Student Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Professor, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professor Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Tobacco is one of the most important industrial and economic plants in many countries of the world which is cultivated mainly for harvesting and collecting its leaves. In order to study the response of 92 oriental tobacco genotypes to broomrape stress, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications under normal (without broomrape) and broomrape stress conditions during 2007 and 2008 cropping seasons. Nine stress tolerance indices including tolerance index (TOL), relative stress index (RSI), mean productivity (MP), harmonic mean (HM), yield stability index (YSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI) and yield index (YI) were calculated based on leaf dry weight (yield) under normal (Yp) and broomrape stress conditions (Ys). Genotypes 24, 39 and 40 had the highest mean yield in normal and broomrape stress conditions. Yield value in stress (Ys) and non-stress (Yp) conditions were significantly and positively correlated with MP, HM, GMP, STI and YI indices. Using the ranking method, genotypes 40, 10 and 45 were introduced as the most tolerant genotypes to broomrape stress. Based on the results of biplot, genotypes 40, 39, 24, 19 and 4 were identified as high yielding and tolerant genotypes and genotypes 70, 69, 72, 67, 78, 71 and 8 as the most sensitive genotypes to broomrape stress. Grouping of genotypes by Ward method also classified high yielding and stress tolerant genotypes including genotypes 40, 39, 24, 19 and 4 in one group. Susceptible and low yield genotypes under stress and normal conditions including genotypes 70 and 69 were classified in the other group. Due to high diversity among the studied genotypes in view of response to broomrape stress, it is possible to select appropriate parents for breeding programs, produce diverse populations for identifying genetic loci controlling broomrape stress tolerance and study changes in the expression of tolerance genes. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Biplot
  • Broomrape
  • Cluster analysis
  • Oriental tobacco
  • Ranking method
  • Tolerance indices

مراجع

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 9، شماره 4
بهمن 1399
صفحه 83-100

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 دی 1399

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