پراکنش فضایی مراحل نابالغ زنجرک مو، Arboridia kermanshah (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)، در تاکستان های شهرستان کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
زنجرک مو Arboridia kermanshah (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) یکی از آفات مهم  انگور در ایران به شمار می­ رود. در این پژوهش، پراکنش فضایی مراحل نابالغ زنجرک مو در یک باغ انگور شهرستان کرمانشاه طی دو فصل زراعی 1396 و 1397 بررسی شد. برگ انگور به­ عنوان واحد نمونه ­برداری انتخاب شد. پراکنش فضایی تخم و سنین مختلف پورگی آفت، با استفاده از شاخص­ پراکندگی، شاخص موریسیتا، میانگین ازدحام لوید و روش­های رگرسیونی تیلور و آیوائو بررسی گردید. پراکنش فضایی این حشره با استفاده از اغلب روش­های یاد شده، تجمعی به ­دست آمد (b>1). اما طبق روش آیوائو در سال اول نمونه ­برداری، رگرسیون برای سنین پورگی چهار و پنج معنی­ دار نشد (P value>0.05). براساس روش تیلور در هر دو سال نمونه ­برداری و هم­چنین روش آیوائو در سال دوم نمونه ­برداری شیب خط رگرسیون برای سنین پورگی چهار و پنج اختلاف معنی داری با عدد یک نداشت و پراکنش تصادفی بود ( b = 1). هم­چنین در هر دو سال مورد بررسی پراکنش فضایی پوره های سنین چهار و پنج با استفاده از شاخص موریسیتا در ۱۰ تاریخ نمونه ­برداری به ­صورت تصادفی محاسبه شد. در هر دو فصل نمونه ­برداری مشخص شد که روش تیلور نسبت به روش­های دیگر از دقت بالاتری برای تعیین پراکنش فضایی این آفت برخوردار است و کم­ترین اندازه نمونه بهینه هم به ­وسیله روش رگرسیونی تیلور محاسبه شد که نسبت به روش­های دیگر به­ صرفه­ تر بود. آگاهی داشتن از پراکنش فضایی آفت می­تواند در طراحی برنامه­ های مناسب نمونه ­برداری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. محاسبه اندازه نمونه بهینه نیز در کاهش هزینه ­های نمونه برداری جهت اهداف پژوهشی و مدیریتی کاربرد دارد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial distribution of grape leafhopper, Arboridia kermanshah (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) immature stages, in vineyards of Kermanshah County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shabnam Deh-Pahni 1
  • Hassanali Vahedi 2
  • Maryam Darbemamieh 3
1 MSc,, Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Grape leafhopper, Arboridia kermanshah (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is one of the important pests of grapevine in Iran. In this research, the spatial distribution of A. kermanshah immature stages was investigated in a vineyard of the Kermanshah region, during 2017 and 2018. Grape leaf selected as sampling unit and sampling process carried out every week. The spatial distribution of eggs and immature stages of this pest calculated using: Index of dispersion, Morisita, Lloyd’s mean crowding index, Iwao’s patchiness regression and Taylor’s power law Indexes. Most used methods revealed an aggregated spatial distribution for the pest (b>1). According to the Iwao’s method in first sampling year, regression for 4th and 5th nymphal instars, was not significant (P-value>0.05). In Taylor method for both sampling years and Iwao’s method for second sampling year, distribution calculated random for 4th and 5th nymphal stages. Also, using the Morisita’s index in both sampling seasons and most (10) sampling dates, for the 4th and 5th nymphal stages, random distribution calculated. In both sampling seasons, Taylor’s power law method found to be more accurate than other methods in determination of the spatial distribution for this pest. Additionally, the lowest optimum sample sizes calculated using Taylor’s coefficients that were more affordable in comparison with other methods. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of this pest can be useful in designation of suitable sampling programs. Estimation of optimum sample sizes can also be useful in decreasing of sampling costs in both research and management programs.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Sampling
  • Grape leafhopper
  • Taylor’s power law
  • Iwao’s patchiness regression

مراجع

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پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی
دوره 9، شماره 4
بهمن 1399
صفحه 49-60

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 دی 1399

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