ارزیابی کارایی زنبور پارازیتویید Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hym., Braconidae) پرورش‌یافته روی شته‌ی سیاه باقلاAphis fabae Scopoli ، به منظور کنترل شته‌ی جالیز Aphis gossypii Glover

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.

2 دانشیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس.

4 استادیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.

چکیده

چکیده
شته­ی جالیز Aphis gossypii یکیاز آفات  خسارت ­زای مهم در مزارع و گلخانه­های صیفی و سبزی است. بررسی شاخص­های زیستی مرتبط با کارایی دشمنان طبیعی یکی از راه­کارهای کنترل کیفی عوامل بیولوژیک قبل از رهاسازی محسوب می­شود. در این مطالعه ویژگی‌های زیستی (نرخ پارازیتیسم، نرخ ظهور و نسبت جنسی) جمعیت جنسی زنبور       Lysiphlebus fabarum   روی سنین مختلف رشدی شته‌ی جالیز بررسی شد. همچنین شاخص‌های مهم در شایستگی نتاج (اندازه‌ی بدن، طول دوره‌ی رشدونمو، میزان باروری و طول عمر) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده زنبور L. fabarum قادر بود تمام سنین پورگی شته‌ی جالیز را به‌خوبی پارازیته کند. در تمام شاخص­های زیستی مورد بررسی به‌جز اندازه‌ی تخم، اختلاف معنی­داری بین زنبورهای حاصل از چهار سن پورگی مشاهده شد به صورتی که رشد و نمو زنبور در پوره‌های سن دوم و سوم میزبان باعث تولید نتاج با ویژگی­های زیستی مطلوب­تری نسبت به سایر مراحل رشدی شته شد. درمجموع نتایج پژوهش حاضر این نوید را می­­دهد که بتوان از این پارازیتویید در برنامه­های کنترل بیولوژیک شته­ی جالیز استفاده نمود؛ هرچند این نتایج باید در شرایط گلخانه­ای و مزرعه­ای نیز مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Parasitoid Wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hym., Braconidae), Reared on Aphis fabae Scopoli, Against the Melon Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Almasi 1
  • Arash Rasekh 2
  • Mehdi Esfandyari 2
  • Majid Askari Siahvei 3
  • Masoumeh Ziyaei 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Professors, Respectively, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Division of Plant Protection Research, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran.
4 Assistant Professors, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests causes damage to vegetable both in fields and greenhouses. The biological characteristics related to the efficiency of natural enemies are considered as quality control indices for preliminary screening, prior to release of biological control agents. In this study some biological characters including parasitism rate, emergence rate, and sex ratio of a sexual strain of the parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall), was evaluated for individuals that were reared on different stages of A. gossypii. Furthermore, important factors related to offspring fitness (body length, developmental time, fecundity, and longevity) were surveyed. Results revealed that, L. fabarum could successfullyparasitize all the  nymphal instars of the melon aphid. With the exception of egg size, all other  characteristics were significantly affected by host stage. Wasps emerged from the second and third instars had higher fitness than the other stages. Conseuently, L. fabarum may be considered as an effective biological control agent of the melon aphid, although these results need to be confirmed by further field and greenhouse studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keyword: Biological characteristics
  • Body size
  • Cucumber plant
  • Instar stages
  • Quality control
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